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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Caladium schomburgkii changjur-1-yercaud-salem-India.JPG
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| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Caladium
| authority = [[Étienne Pierre Ventenat|Vent.]] (1800), nom. cons.
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=jkjkjjkkkjkj/>▼
| subdivision = 19; see text
| subdivision_ref = <ref name = powo>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005919-2 ''Caladium'' Vent.] ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 14 May 2024.</ref>
| range_map = Caladium distribution.svg
| range_map_caption = Range of the genus ''Caladium''
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The genus ''Caladium'' includes seven species that are native to South America and Central America, and naturalized in India, parts of Africa, and various tropical islands.<ref name=jkjkjjkkkjkj>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=28751 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref> They grow in open areas of the [[forest]] and on the banks of rivers and go [[dormancy|dormant]] during the [[dry season]]. The wild plants grow to 15–35 inches (40–90 cm) tall, with [[leaf|leaves]] mostly 6-18 inches (15–45 cm) long and broad.<ref>Macbride, J. F. 1936. Araceae, Flora of Peru. Publications of the Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 13(1/3): 428–486.</ref><ref>Funk, V. A., P. E. Berry, S. Alexander, T. H. Hollowell & C. L. Kelloff. 2007. Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 55: 1–584</ref>
==
From Malay ''Keladi'', which refers to a few genera
Many names have been proposed for species and varieties in the genus, but the vast majority of the names have either been transferred to other genera or regarded as synonyms of other names. The following are accepted
# ''[[Caladium amazonicum]]'' {{small|E.G.Gonç.}} – Pará state northern Brazil
# ''[[Caladium andreanum]]'' <small>Bogner</small> - Colombia▼
# ''[[Caladium bicolor]]'' <small>([[William Aiton|Aiton]]) [[Étienne Pierre Ventenat|Vent.]]</small> - widespread from Costa Rica to northern Argentina; naturalized in India, Bangladesh, western and central Africa, and various islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans and in the Caribbean▼
# ''[[Caladium clavatum]]'' <small>Hett., Bogner & J.Boos</small> - [[Napo moist forests|Napo region]] of Ecuador▼
# ''[[Caladium coerulescens]]'' <small>[[G.S.Bunting]]</small> - Venezuela▼
# ''[[Caladium
# ''[[Caladium humboldtii]]'' <small>([[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Raf.]]) [[Heinrich Wilhelm Schott|Schott]]</small> - Guyana, Amazonas State of southern Venezuela, Amazonas State of western Brazil, Loreto region of eastern Peru▼
# ''[[Caladium intermedium]]'' {{small|E.G.Gonç.}} – Tocantins state of northern Brazil
# ''[[Caladium macrotites]]'' <small>Schott</small> - Colombia, Venezuela, northwestern Brazil▼
# ''[[Caladium palaciosii]]'' {{small|Croat & L.P.Hannon}} – Ecuador and Peru
# ''[[Caladium picturatum]]'' <small>[[Karl Heinrich Emil Koch|K.Koch]] & [[C.D.Bouché]]</small> - Venezuela, northwestern Brazil▼
# ''[[Caladium praetermissum]]'' <small>Bogner & Hett.</small> - range unknown▼
# ''[[Caladium schomburgkii]]'' <small>Schott</small> - Venezuela, northwestern Brazil, the Guianas▼
# ''[[Caladium smaragdinum]]'' <small>K.Koch & C.D.Bouché</small> - Venezuela▼
# ''[[Caladium steudnerifolium]]'' {{small|Engl.}} – western South America (Colombia to Bolivia)
# ''[[Caladium stevensonii]]'' {{small|Croat & Delannay}} – Colombia
# ''[[Caladium steyermarkii]]'' <small>G.S.Bunting</small> - Venezuela▼
# ''[[Caladium ternatum]]'' <small>Madison</small> - Colombia, Amazonas State of western Brazil▼
# ''[[Caladium tuberosum]]'' <small>([[Spencer Le Marchant Moore|S.Moore]])
===Formerly placed here===
*''[[Phyllotaenium lindenii]]'' {{small|André (1872)}} (as ''Caladium lindenii'' <small>(André) Madison</small>)
==Cultivation and uses==
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Numerous [[cultivar]]s have been selected, most of them derived from ''C. bicolor''. Many are sold as ''C. × hortulanem'', a synonym for ''C. bicolor''.<ref>[http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/184/ davesgarden.com]</ref><ref>[http://www.floridata.com/ref/c/cala_bic.cfm floridata.com]</ref> The lance-leaved varieties are also derived from ''C. schomburgkii''.
Caladiums grow from tubers and can be propagated by dividing the tubers. They are hardy only to [[USDA plant hardiness zone]] 10; in colder areas, they are typically grown as tender "[[bulb]]
During their [[growing season]], they require moderate watering (damp, not soggy). Most varieties prefer partial to full shade, although sun-resistant varieties are now in cultivation. Approximately 98% of all caladium "bulbs" are from [[Lake Placid, Florida]], in the [[United States]]. In recent years, many new varieties have become available through breeding and are now largely disease resistant. The bulk of "bulb" production is sold to pot producers, who in turn provide local nursery outlets with potted caladiums ready for immediate planting. Most "bulb" growers also sell direct retail via websites, shipping of "bulbs" takes place in the spring when temperatures permit ("bulbs" are subject to damage if temperatures are too low).
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All parts of the plant are [[poison]]ous. They should not be ingested and may irritate sensitive skin.
===Public displays===
An annual festival is held during the last weekend of July in [[Lake Placid, Florida]], home to a majority of the world's caladium fields. A popular activity is a tour of the fields of caladiums, the product of local growers. Every July since 2003, [[Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center]] in [[Kissimmee, Florida]], has presented the Florida Caladium Showcase,a
Caladiums are [[tuber]]s, not [[corm]]s or bulbs. A corm is a compressed mass of stem tissue with a basal plate (root tissue) at the bottom and one or more "eyes" on top from which vegetative growth and flowers will appear. A tuber is stem tissue with various eyes which may grow vegetative growth or roots.
===Caladium drooping===
▲;Species
▲Many names have been proposed for species and varieties in the genus, but the vast majority of the names have either been transferred to other genera or regarded as synonyms of other names. The following are accepted:<ref name=jkjkjjkkkjkj/><ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Araceae/Caladium/ Caladium] on theplantlist.org</ref>
Caladium is a beautiful plant with astonishing leaves. They preferred a moderate shady place with indirect sunlight, high humidity, and a well-structured watering schedule.
▲# ''[[Caladium andreanum]]'' <small>Bogner</small> - Colombia
▲# ''[[Caladium bicolor]]'' <small>([[William Aiton|Aiton]]) [[Étienne Pierre Ventenat|Vent.]]</small> - widespread from Costa Rica to northern Argentina; naturalized in India, Bangladesh, western and central Africa, and various islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans and in the Caribbean
Caladium is a tropical plant native to Brazil. It is intolerant to low temperature or prolonged absence of water. It is essential to note that after a while without water Caladium leaves will go dormant and droop.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Craft|first=King|date=4 October 2021|title=Why Is My Caladium Drooping (How to Fix Drooping)?|url=https://homecrafttips.com/why-is-my-caladium-drooping.html|access-date=4 October 2021|website=HomeCraftTips|language=en-US}}</ref>
▲#''[[Caladium clavatum]]'' <small>Hett., Bogner & J.Boos</small> - Napo region of Ecuador
▲# ''[[Caladium coerulescens]]'' <small>[[G.S.Bunting]]</small> - Venezuela
▲# ''[[Caladium humboldtii]]'' <small>([[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Raf.]]) [[Heinrich Wilhelm Schott|Schott]]</small> - Guyana, Amazonas State of southern Venezuela, Amazonas State of western Brazil, Loreto region of eastern Peru
▲# ''[[Caladium lindenii]]'' <small>(André) Madison</small> - Panama, Colombia
▲# ''[[Caladium macrotites]]'' <small>Schott</small> - Colombia, Venezuela, northwestern Brazil
▲# ''[[Caladium picturatum]]'' <small>[[Karl Heinrich Emil Koch|K.Koch]] & [[C.D.Bouché]]</small> - Venezuela, northwestern Brazil
▲#''[[Caladium praetermissum]]'' <small>Bogner & Hett.</small> - range unknown
▲# ''[[Caladium schomburgkii]]'' <small>Schott</small> - Venezuela, northwestern Brazil, the Guianas
▲# ''[[Caladium smaragdinum]]'' <small>K.Koch & C.D.Bouché</small> - Venezuela
▲# ''[[Caladium steyermarkii]]'' <small>G.S.Bunting</small> - Venezuela
▲# ''[[Caladium ternatum]]'' <small>Madison</small> - Colombia, Amazonas State of western Brazil
▲# ''[[Caladium tuberosum]]'' <small>([[Spencer Le Marchant Moore|S.Moore]]) [[Bogner & Mayo]]</small> - Mato Grosso
==Gallery==
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==External links==
*[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005919-2 ''Caladium''] on [[Plants of the World Online]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050905031519/http://facultystaff.vwc.edu/~presslar/greenhouse/caladium/xhortulanum/ufces-1060.pdf Brochure on cultivation from the University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service] ([[PDF]] file)
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1521382}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Caladium| ]]
[[Category:Araceae genera]]
[[Category:Flora of Southern America]]
[[Category:Garden plants]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Étienne Pierre Ventenat]]
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