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Line 1: {{Short description\|Fictional vehicle type from the Star Wars universe}} [[File:Star Wars @ the Discovery Science Center - Landspeeder (7034249667).jpg\|thumb\|right\|At the [[Discovery Science Center]]]] [[File:Star Wars Celebration V - Steve Sansweet and a landspeeder (4940991776).jpg\|thumb\|right\|At [[Star Wars Celebration\|''Star Wars'' Celebration]] V]] ~~[[File:Rhode Island Comic Con 2013 (10648675204).jpg\|thumb\|right\|At [[Rhode Island Comic Con]]]]~~ '''Landspeeders''' are fictional [[anti-gravity]] craft used through the ''[[Star Wars]]'' movies and [[Star Wars expanded universe\|''Star Wars'' expanded universe]]. They are depicted both in civilian and military capacities, and several versions have been merchandised as toys and models. == Origin and design == Landspeeders first appear in ''[[Star Wars (film)\|Star Wars]]''. Two of them—[[Luke Skywalker]]'s ([[Mark Hamill]]) X-34 and a V-35—were designed by noted special effects artist [[John Stears]] and were fitted around cars. Skywalker's landspeeder was designed and built by [[Ogle Design]] around the chassis of a [[Bond Bug]] three-wheeler car.<ref>{{cite news\|title=The Force is strong with this three-wheeler from Preston\|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/features/the-force-is-strong-with-this-threewheeler-from-preston-2002249.html\|newspaper=The Independent\|date=17 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.gardencitymuseum.org/about_us/history_letchworth_gc/history/ogle_design\|archive-url=https://archive.istoday/20130414220342/http://www.gardencitymuseum.org/about_us/history_letchworth_gc/history/ogle_design\|url-status=dead\|title=Ogle Design - First Garden City Heritage Museum\|date=14 April 2013\|archive-date=14 April 2013}}</ref><ref name="insider">{{cite web\|url=https://www.starwars.com/community/fanclub/mag/news20071204.html\|title=Star Wars Insider #98 Excerpt: Roger Christian\|access-date=2007-12-05\|publisher=[[Lucasfilm]]\|date=2007-12-04 \|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071206071029/http://www.starwars.com/community/fanclub/mag/news20071204.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> \|archive-date = 2007-12-06}}</ref> One of the major challenges the production crew faced was disguising the wheels to create the illusion that the craft was hovering.<ref name="x34bts">{{cite web\|url=https://www.starwars.com/databank/vehicle/xp34landspeeder/?id=bts\|title=Star Wars Databank: X-34 Landspeeder (Behind the Scenes)\|publisher=Starwars.com\|access-date=2007-08-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.starwars.com/databank/vehicle/v35landspeeder/?id=bts\|title=V-35 landspeeder (Behind the Scenes)\|publisher=[[Lucasfilm]]\|access-date=2007-10-14\|work=Star Wars Databank}}</ref> For certain shots, they shot from camera angles that masked the wheels; for long-distance shots, they used reflective material, gelatin on the camera lens, and shadow effects. A small blur could be seen under the speeder, which George Lucas called "The Force Spot" (stated in Special Edition Tape).<ref name="x34bts" /> [[Production designer]] [[Roger Christian (filmmaker)\|Roger Christian]] used an angled mirror and a broom attached to the vehicle's underside to create, at certain angles, the illusion that the craft was hovering and kicking up dust.<ref name="insider" /> ''Star Wars'' creator [[George Lucas]] used digital technology to enhance the landspeeder effects in the Special Edition of ''A New Hope''.<ref name="x34bts" /> [[Industrial Light and Magic]]'s (ILM) [[Doug Chiang]] designed the [[Naboo]] Flash speeder with a "race car look" while the Gian speeder's appearance is ILM's response to Lucas' request that the Naboo troops have "a [[Technical (vehicle)\|pick-up truck with guns]]."<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.starwars.com/databank/vehicle/flashspeeder/\|title=Gian speeder\|publisher=[[Lucasfilm]]\|access-date=2007-10-14\|work=Star Wars Databank}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.starwars.com/databank/vehicle/gianspeeder/?id=bts\|title=Flash speeder\|publisher=[[Lucasfilm]]\|access-date=2007-10-14\|work=Star Wars Databank}}</ref> Line 24 ⟶ 25: == Cultural impact == {{Expand section\|date=June 2008}} Luke Skywalker's X-34 landspeeder was one of fifty fictional vehicles selected for display at the [[Petersen Automotive Museum]]'s ''Hollywood Dream Machines'' exhibition which focused on the most significant or important vehicles to feature in the science fiction and fantasy genre.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://laist.com/news/entertainment/see-50-of-the-coolest-cars-from-movies-and-tv-in-this-new-la-exhibit\|title=50 Of The Coolest Cars From Movies & TV Are Together For The First Time In This LA Exhibit\|first=Mike\|last=Roe\|website=LAist\|access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> The X-34 was chosen not just for its role in the plot but also it's thematic contribution to the film.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.fanthatracks.com/news/conventions-events/the-original-star-wars-landspeeder-on-display-at-the-petersen-automotive-museum/\|title=The original Star Wars landspeeder on display at the Petersen Automotive Museum\|first=Mark\|last=Newbold\|website=Fanta Tracks\|access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> A ''[[Star Wars]]'' fan named Daniel Deutsch built a full-scale replica of the landspeeder that can be driven like an [[automobile]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://blog.wired.com/gadgets/2008/08/star-wars-fan-s.html\|title=Star Wars Fan Shows Off Drivable Landspeeder\|first=Brian X.\|last=Chen\|work=wired.com\|access-date=22 December 2016}}</ref> It first surfaced at the Neatorama website where it was discovered by [[rapper]] [[Kanye West]] who posted pictures of the landspeeder in his [[blog]]. One of the photographs show former [['N Sync]] member [[Joey Fatone]] posing next to the landspeeder. [[Kanye West]] described the replica landspeeder as made of a "custom aluminum chassis, fiberglass body, and an electric drive system that hits lightspeed at 25 mph".<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.kanyeuniversecity.com/blog/?em3106=204385_-1__0_~0_-1_5_2008_0_0&em3161=&em3281=\|title=kanYe West : Blog\|date=7 September 2008\|url-status=bot: unknown\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907184228/http://www.kanyeuniversecity.com/blog/?em3106=204385_-1__0_~0_-1_5_2008_0_0&em3161=&em3281=\|archive-date=7 September 2008}}</ref> Many ''Star Wars'' fans have been inspired to build "working" full-scale replicas of Luke's X-34 landspeeder. Daniel Deutsch built a drivable replica in 2007 using parts from an electric [[golf cart]] and [[fiberglass molding]]. The replica achieved fame when it was highlighted by former [['N Sync]] member [[Joey Fatone]] and [[rapper]] [[Kanye West]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.hotrod.com/articles/junkyard-empire-star-wars-lanspeeder/\|title=Star Wars Hot Rod?! How to Build a Replica of Luke Skywalker's X-34 Landspeeder\|first=Jordon\|last=Scott\|website=Hot Rod\|access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> Celebrity [[YouTube]] inventor Colin Furze created another replica in 2019 in celebration of the release of ''[[Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker]]''. The only known full-scale metal model of the X-34, it was sold on [[eBay]] for £50,000, with all proceeds going to [[BBC]]’s ‘[[Children In Need]]’.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.carscoops.com/2019/12/man-builds-a-driveable-star-wars-landspeeder-in-his-garage/\|title=Man Builds A Driveable Star Wars Landspeeder In His Garage\|first=Sergiu\|last=Tudose\|website=Carscoops\|access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://driving.ca/auto-news/news/this-guy-built-a-working-star-wars-land-speeder-in-his-garage\|title=This guy built a working 'Star Wars' land speeder in his garage\|first=Alex\|last=Reid\|website=Driving.ca\|access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.autoevolution.com/news/this-star-wars-landspeeder-metal-replica-actually-drives-built-on-a-golf-cart-139398.html\|title=This Star Wars Landspeeder Metal Replica Actually Drives, Built on a Golf Cart\|first=Andrei\|last=Tutu\|website=autoevolution.com\|access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> ~~===Toys===~~ [[Radio Flyer]] created a toy version that a small child can drive around.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Liptak\|first=Andrew\|date=2018-07-06\|title=I couldn’t test-drive Radio Flyer’s Star Wars landspeeder, but my 5-year-old did\|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/7/6/17464476/radio-flyer-lukes-landspeeder-toys-star-wars-play-test\|access-date=2021-01-21\|website=The Verge\|language=en}}</ref> Landspeeders have served as a source of inspiration for ''Star Wars'' fans across artistic communities. Digital artist Brad Builds created a landspeeder version of the [[Pontiac GTO]] themed around [[Darth Vader]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.autoevolution.com/news/pontiac-gto-landspeeder-is-a-star-wars-muscle-car-rendering-161100.html\|title=Pontiac GTO "Landspeeder" Is a Star Wars Muscle Car Rendering\|first=Mihnea\|last=Radu\|website=autoevolution.com\|access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> French photographer Renaud Marion reimagined 9 classic cars as landspeeders as part of a project called Air Cars. Reimagined models included the [[Porsche 356]] and [[Aston Martin DB5]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.thrillist.com/cars/classic-cars-as-star-wars-landspeeder-concepts-that-should-be-in-episode-vii\|title=9 Classic Cars Reimagined as Star Wars Landspeeders\|first=Aaron\|last=Miller\|website=thrillist.com\|access-date=23 May 2021}}</ref> There is a cat bed made to look like a landspeeder.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Burton\|first=Bonnie\|title=Meow the Force be with this 'Star Wars' Landspeeder cat bed\|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/meow-the-force-be-with-this-landspeeder-cat-bed/\|access-date=2021-01-22\|website=CNET\|language=en}}</ref> Although they operate on different principles, [[flying car]]s are often compared to ''Star Wars'' landspeeders in popular media.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/composite-aerostructures-in-the-emerging-urban-air-mobility-market\|title=Composite Aerostructures in the Emerging Urban Air Mobility Market\|website=Composites World\|access-date=18 June 2021}}</ref> The SkyDrive SD-03 flying car specifically was inspired in part by Luke Skywalker's landspeeder.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/2020/09/05/flying-car-anyone/\|title=Flying car, anyone?\|first=Recto\|last=Mercene\|website=BusinessMirror\|access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Landspeeders have featured heavily in ''Star Wars'' merchandising since their inception. Examples includes [[Lego]] models,<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://9to5toys.com/2020/03/20/lego-star-wars-landspeeder-review/\|title=Lego Luke's Landspeeder Review: A fun way for Star Wars fans to pass the time\|website=9 to 5 Toys\|access-date=18 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.brothers-brick.com/2018/03/31/lego-75210-molochs-landspeeder-from-solo-a-star-wars-story-review/\|title=Lego 75210 Moloch's Landspeeder from Solo: A Star Wars Story [Review]\|website=Brothers Brick\|access-date=18 June 2021}}</ref> a drivable [[Radio Flyer]] toy, <ref>{{Cite web\|last=Liptak\|first=Andrew\|date=2018-07-06\|title=I couldn't test-drive Radio Flyer's Star Wars landspeeder, but my 5-year-old did\|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/7/6/17464476/radio-flyer-lukes-landspeeder-toys-star-wars-play-test\|access-date=2021-01-21\|website=The Verge\|language=en}}</ref> and a cat bed.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Burton\|first=Bonnie\|title=Meow the Force be with this 'Star Wars' Landspeeder cat bed\|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/meow-the-force-be-with-this-landspeeder-cat-bed/\|access-date=2021-01-22\|website=CNET\|language=en}}</ref> ==Bibliography== Line 52 ⟶ 56: [[Category:Star Wars vehicles]] [[Category:Fiction about flying cars]] [[Category:Fictional elements introduced in 1977]]