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{{Infobox scientist
|name = Johanna Budwig
|image = Johanna_Budwig.png
|image_size =
|caption =
|birth_name =
|birth_date =
|birth_place = [[Essen]]
|residence =
|citizenship =
|death_date =
|death_place = [[Freudenstadt]]
|field = [[Biochemistry]]
|work_institution =
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|footnotes =
}}
'''Johanna Budwig''' (
==
While working as a researcher at the German Federal Health Office she noted many [[Chemotherapy|cancer drugs]] being evaluated in the 1950s contained sulphydryl groups. Budwig believed sulphydryl compounds were important to cellular [[metabolism]] and [[cellular respiration]].<ref name= "Mannion2010"/> Budwig researched the theory that a low oxygen environment would develop in the absence of sulphydryl groups and/or fatty acid partners that would encourage the proliferation of cancerous cells.<ref name= "Mannion2010"/> With H.P. Kaufmann she developed [[paper chromatography]] techniques to identify and quantify fatty acids.<ref name= "Mannion2010"/> Budwig used these techniques to compare the fatty acid profiles of sick and healthy individuals. This made her one of the first scientists to consider the health implications of fat consumption, according to Mannion et al. in a 2010 paper in the journal ''[[Nutrients (journal)|Nutrients]]''.<ref name= "Mannion2010"/>▼
Budwig was born in [[Essen]] and at the age of 16 joined the Kaiserswerth Deaconess Institute.<ref name="Kerckhof 2020"/> She studied pharmacy in [[Königsberg]] and [[Münster]] where she met her mentor Prof. Hans Kaufmann the founder of the German Institute for Fat Research. She worked under Kaufmann as a research assistant and completed her doctorate in 1939.<ref name="Kerckhof 2020"/>
▲While working as a researcher at the German Federal Health Office she noted many [[Chemotherapy|cancer drugs]] being evaluated in the 1950s contained sulphydryl groups. Budwig believed sulphydryl compounds were important to cellular [[metabolism]] and [[cellular respiration]].<ref name= "Mannion2010"/> Budwig researched the theory that a low oxygen environment would develop in the absence of sulphydryl groups and/or fatty acid partners that would encourage the proliferation of cancerous cells.<ref name= "Mannion2010"/> With
Bugwig came to the conclusion that industrial processed fats were a strain on health and caused cardiovascular disease and cancer, whilst polyunsaturated fatty acids were protective.<ref name="Kerckhof 2020"/> She argued that linseed oil which contains [[alpha-Linolenic acid]], an essential omega-3 fatty acid and sulphur proteins in the form of low-fat [[Quark (dairy product)|quark]] or cottage cheese are a great importance in the diet.<ref name="Kerckhof 2020"/> She became known for her "Budwig Creme", for which linseed oil, milk and low-fat quark are stirred together until no oil is left.<ref name="Kerckhof 2020"/>
Bugwig died in [[Freudenstadt]] in 2003 at the age of 94 as a result of a [[femoral neck fracture]].<ref name="Kerckhof 2020"/>
==The Budwig Diet==
In 1952 she described a diet which she claimed had anti-cancer effects. She called it the “Budwig protocol”.<ref name="ACSF">{{cite web |publisher= [[American Cancer Society]] |url= http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Flaxseed.asp?sitearea=ETO |title= Flaxseed |date= 2011-10-14 |access-date= 2014-03-18 |website= cancer.org |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100329054117/http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Flaxseed.asp?sitearea=ETO |archive-date= 2010-03-29 }}</ref><ref name="ACSO3">{{cite web |publisher= [[American Cancer Society]] |url= http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Omega-3_Fatty_Acids.asp?sitearea=ETO |title= Omega-3 Fatty Acids |website= cancer.org |date= 2013-01-17 |access-date= 2014-03-18 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090608234220/http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Omega-3_Fatty_Acids.asp?sitearea=ETO |archive-date= 2009-06-08 }}</ref> The focus of this diet is on modifying the intake of dietary fats.<ref name= "Mannion2010"/> It is a lacto-vegetarian diet rich in [[flaxseed oil]] and other cold-pressed vegetable oils, mixed with
There is no
People with cancer who delay or forgo effective treatments as a result of using diets such as the Budwig Diet might suffer [[relapse]], experience unnecessary disease progression, and experience continuing cancer-related symptoms.<ref name= "Huebner2014">{{Cite journal |last1= Huebner |first1= J. |last2= Marienfeld |first2= S. |last3= Abbenhardt |first3= C. |last4= Ulrich |first4= C. |last5= Muenstedt |first5= K. |last6= Micke |first6= O. |last7= Muecke |first7= R. |last8= Loeser |first8= C. |display-authors= 4 |title= Counseling patients on cancer diets: A review of the literature and recommendations for clinical practice |journal= [[Anticancer Research]] |volume= 34 |issue= 1 |pages= 39–48 |year= 2014 |pmid= 24403443 |url= http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/34/1/39.long}}</ref>
==Selected publications==
*''Flax Oil as a True Aid against Arthritis, Heart Infarction and Cancer'' (1994)
*''The Oil Protein Diet Cookbook'' (2006)
==See also==
* [[List of unproven and disproven cancer treatments]]
* [[Quackery]]
== References ==
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==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184041/https://portal.d-nb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&query=Johanna+Budwig Works by Budwig in the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek]
{{Authority control}}▼
▲{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Budwig, Johanna}}
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:2003 deaths]]
[[Category:German biochemists]]▼
[[Category:20th-century German inventors]]
[[Category:Alternative cancer treatment advocates]]
[[Category:Cancer researchers]]
▲[[Category:German biochemists]]
[[Category:German pharmacists]]
[[Category:German vegetarianism activists]]
[[Category:Pseudoscientific diet advocates]]
[[Category:German women biochemists]]
[[Category:Vegetarian cookbook writers]]
[[Category:Women inventors]]
[[Category:Writers from Essen]]
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