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{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Image:USS Wharton 1941(AP-7) underway in San Francisco Bay on 23 August 1943 (NH 102894).jpg|300px|USS Wharton c. 1941]]
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox Shipship Careercareer
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1947}}
|Ship name=USS *''WhartonSea Girt''
*''Southern Cross''
*''Wharton''
|Ship namesake=[[Franklin Wharton]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=
|Ship laid down=8 October 1918
|Ship launched=20 July 1919{{sfn|Priolo|2020}}
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=
Line 34 ⟶ 36:
|Ship honors=3 [[battle star]]s (World War II)
|Ship fate=Sold for scrapping, 21 March 1952
|Ship notes=U.S. [[Official Number]]: 221574{{sfn|Maritime Administration}}
|Ship status=
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship type= [[TroopDesign 1029 transportship]]
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|12250|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} light<br/>
*{{convert|21900|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} full
|Ship length={{convert|636|ft|2|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|72|ft|m|abbr=on}}
Line 52 ⟶ 54:
|Ship troops=
|Ship complement=666 officers and enlisted
|Ship armament=• *4 × single [[5"/38 caliber gun]]s<br/>• 8 × .50 cal. [[machine gun]]s
*8 × [[M2 Browning|{{convert|0.5|in|mm|abbr=on|1}}]] [[machine gun]]s
|Ship armor=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''USS ''Wharton'' (AP-7)''' was a [[Troopship|troop transport]] in the service of the [[United States Navy]] during [[World War II]]. The ship was originally an [[Emergency Fleet Corporation]] Design 1029 type built for the [[United States Shipping Board]]. The ship was laid down as '''''Manmasco''''' but renamed and launched as '''''Sea Girt''''' then completed September 1921 as '''''Southern Cross'''''.<ref name=McK>{{cite web |url=http://www.shipscribe.com/mckellar/Contract3.pdf |title=Contract Steel Ships, Part III |last=McKellar |first=Norman L. |work=Steel Shipbuilding under the U. S. Shipping Board, 1917-1921 |publisher=ShipScribe |access-date=15 August 2018}}</ref> The ship was first allocated by the United States Shipping Board to the [[Munson Steamship Line]] until purchased by the line in 1925.<ref name=McK/> Munson operated the ''Southern Cross'' in the South American trade from 1921 until 1938 when the ship was sold at a Marshall's sale and taken over by the [[United States Maritime Commission]] which paid the full mortgage claim.<ref name=McK/>{{sfn|Maritime Administration}}{{sfn|United States Shipping Board|1926|p=89}}{{sfn|Villard: The Nautical Gazette, 4 June 1921|p=732}}
'''USS ''Wharton'' (AP-7)''' was a [[troop transport]] and [[hospital ship]] in the service of the [[United States Navy]] during [[World War II]]. Originally built for the [[Munson Line|Munson Steamship Line]] as the [[cargo liner]] '''SS ''Southern Cross''''' in 1921, she was acquired by the Navy as World War II approached and, once the United States became a combatant, she served as a troop transport and hospital ship in the [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] Theatre. At war's end, she returned Stateside proudly with three [[battle star]]s.
 
SS ''Southern Cross'' operated in the South American trade from 1921 untilwas acquired by the Navy from the [[Maritime Commission]] on 8 November 1939. Twoand two days later, the ship was renamed ''Wharton'' and designated a transport with the hull number AP-7. She was converted to a troop transport by the [[Todd Shipbuilding]] Corp., in the Robbins Drydock in Erie Basin at [[Brooklyn, New York]]. The transport was commissioned USS ''Wharton'' at the [[New York Navy Yard]] on 7 December 1940, Capt.{{sfn|Dictionary Ernestof L.American VanderklootNaval inFighting command.Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
==Commercial service==
''Southern Cross'' was allocated by the USSB to its agent, Munson Steamship Line for its South American service, operating as the Pan America Line.{{sfn|United States Shipping Board|1926|p=89}} Munson operated the ship on the New York to Rio de Janeiro, [[Montevideo]] and [[Buenos Aires]] route with [[Santos, São Paulo|Santos]], added during return voyages along with sister "535's" {{SS|American Legion|1919|2}}, {{SS|Pan America||2}} and [[USS Leonard Wood (APA-12)|''Western World'']].{{sfn|Larsson: Maritime Timetable Images}}
 
As the USSB sold off its vessels the Munson Steamship Line bought the four vessels operating for its Pan America Line service in February 1926.{{sfn|United States Shipping Board|1926|p=89}} Each ship, including ''Southern Cross'', was purchased for a price of $1,026,000.{{sfn|United States Shipping Board|1926|p=92}}
 
==World War II Pacific Theatre operations==
 
''Wharton'' departed [[Brooklyn]] on 7 January 1941, bound for [[Guantanamo Bay, Cuba]], where she conducted [[sea trial|shakedown]] before proceeding on through the [[Panama Canal]] to her home port, [[Mare Island, California]]. Assigned to the [[Naval Transportation Service]], ''Wharton'' transported service personnel and their families, as well as cargo, on triangular runs from [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]], [[San Diego, California|San Diego]], and [[Pearl Harbor]]. She also made one trip to [[Midway Island]].{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
==First wartime operations==
 
When the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] struck Pearl Harbor, [[Hawaii]], on 7 December 1941, ''Wharton'' was undergoing overhaul at the [[Mare Island Navy Yard]], [[Vallejo, California]]. On 6 January 1942, the transport sailed from the [[U.S. West Coast|west coast]] for her first wartime voyage to the [[Hawaiian Islands]]. A series of runs followed in which ''Wharton'' transported service families and dependents home to the west coast on her eastbound passages and troops and cargo to Hawaii on her westbound trips.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}▼
From June through September, ''Wharton'' made three voyages to the Southwest Pacific theater —– loading and unloading at such ports as [[Pago Pago]], Samoa; [[Auckland]], New Zealand]]; [[Espiritu Santo]], [[New Hebrides]]; [[Nouméa]], [[New Caledonia]]; [[Canton Island]], and [[Suva]], [[Fiji|Fiji Islands]].{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}} Between 6 and 11 August 1942 the ship transported 15 officers and 465 enlisted men of the 6th Naval Construction Battalion (6th NCB) from [[American Samoa]] to [[Espiritu Santo]], before[[New returningHebrides]] with the other 7 officers and 433 enlisted men of the battalion being aboard [[USS President Polk (AP-103)|SS ''President Polk'']], picking up the 7th Naval Construction Battalion from Samoa on the way.<ref name=7thNCB>{{Citation |last= 7th Naval Construction Battalion |title=7th Naval Construction Battalion—Historical Information|place=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Naval History And Heritage Command |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/museums/Seabee/UnitListPages/NCB/007%20NCB.pdf}}</ref> ''Wharton'' returned to the west coast for an overhaul which lasted into October. The troop transport then began a series of trips to the Aleutians which lasted from December 1942 to February 1943, carrying troops from [[Seattle, Washington]], to [[Kodiak, Alaska|Kodiak]] and [[Dutch Harbor]] and returning with civilians, troops, and patients. For the remainder of the year, ''Wharton'' made five more trips to the Southwest Pacific, during which she revisited Pago Pago, Nouméa, Suva, Espiritu Santo, andwhere [[Wellingtonon 20 Nov 1943 she again embarked the 7th NCB for return to the United States,<ref Newname=7thNCB Zealand|/> and [[Wellington]], while adding [[Apia]], British Samoa; [[Guadalcanal]], [[Solomon Islands|Solomons]]; and [[Efate]], New Hebrides; to her itinerary.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}▼
▲When the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] struck Pearl Harbor, [[Hawaii]], on 7 December 1941, ''Wharton'' was undergoing overhaul at the [[Mare Island Navy Yard]], [[Vallejo, California]]. On 6 January 1942, the transport sailed from the [[U.S. West Coast|west coast]] for her first wartime voyage to the [[Hawaiian Islands]]. A series of runs followed in which ''Wharton'' transported service families and dependents home to the west coast on her eastbound passages and troops and cargo to Hawaii on her westbound trips.
▲From June through September, ''Wharton'' made three voyages to the Southwest Pacific theater — loading and unloading at such ports as [[Pago Pago]], Samoa; [[Auckland, New Zealand]]; [[Espiritu Santo]], [[New Hebrides]]; [[Nouméa]], [[New Caledonia]]; [[Canton Island]], and [[Suva]], [[Fiji Islands]], before returning to the west coast for an overhaul which lasted into October. The troop transport then began a series of trips to the Aleutians which lasted from December 1942 to February 1943, carrying troops from [[Seattle, Washington]], to [[Kodiak, Alaska|Kodiak]] and [[Dutch Harbor]] and returning with civilians, troops, and patients. For the remainder of the year, ''Wharton'' made five more trips to the Southwest Pacific, during which she revisited Pago Pago, Nouméa, Suva, Espiritu Santo, and [[Wellington, New Zealand|Wellington]], while adding [[Apia]], British Samoa; [[Guadalcanal]], [[Solomon Islands|Solomons]]; and [[Efate]], New Hebrides; to her itinerary.
 
==Invasion of the Marshall Islands==
In January 1944, ''Wharton'' joined Transport Division 30 for the [[Marshall Islands]] operation. Equipped with seven manned [[LCVP]]'s, ''Wharton'' sortied from Pearl Harbor in [[Task force|Task Group]] 51.1 on 23 January 1944, bound for [[Kwajalein]] and [[Eniwetok]], with 526 Army Headquarters troops embarked. The group operated off the island of [[Bigej]] in Kwajalein [[Atoll]] from 31 January to 2 February, during the shore bombardment phase of the operation and the initial landings, before moving into the [[lagoon]] and anchoring there on 2 February.▼
 
▲In January 1944, ''Wharton'' joined Transport Division 30 for the [[Marshall Islands]] operation. Equipped with seven manned [[LCVP (United States)|LCVP]]'s, ''Wharton'' sortied from Pearl Harbor in [[Task force|Task Group]] 51.1 on 23 January 1944, bound for [[Kwajalein]] and [[Eniwetok]], with 526 Army Headquarters troops embarked. The group operated off the island of [[Bigej]] in Kwajalein [[Atoll]] from 31 January to 2 February, during the shore bombardment phase of the operation and the initial landings, before moving into the [[lagoon]] and anchoring there on 2 February.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
==Temporary duty as a hospital ship==
 
''Wharton'' remained in the lagoon until she headed for Eniwetok on the 15th. Following her arrival there two days later, the troop transport, while disembarking her troops and unloading her cargo, took on additional duty as a hospital ship. She received on board 85 patients for treatment and subsequently transferred them all to other facilities prior to sailing for Kwajalein on 25 February.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
==Running aground at Manus==
 
On 29 February 1944, ''Wharton'' got underway for the [[Ellice Islands]] to embark the 11th and 58thNaval [[Construction Battalion]]s at Banika in the Russell Islands as well as the 58th NCB for transportation to the [[Admiralty Islands|Admiralties]]. At 1700 on 17 April, while entering [[Seeadler Harbor]] at [[Manus Island|Manus]], she ran aground due to an inaccurate chart and poor placement of [[buoy]]s marking the channel. After the ship had been refloated at 0100 on the 18th, a quick check revealed no damage to her hull or machinery.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}▼
''Wharton'' later transported 1,782 men of the Royal [[New Zealand Army]] from [[Green Island, Papua New Guinea|Green Island]] to Nouméa before sailing for Espiritu Santo and Guadalcanal. At the latter island —– the scene of bitter struggles from August 1942 to February 1943 —– the ship participated in training exercises with Transport Division 8. After two weeks of practice landings, ''Wharton'' sailed for Kwajalein with 1,587 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the 12th Marines and the [[1st Battalion 3rd Marines|1st Battalion of the 3rd Marines]] embarked. At Kwajalein, she transferred the latter unit to [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]'s for the impending operations against the Japanese-held [[Mariana Islands|Marianas]].{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}▼
▲On 29 February 1944, ''Wharton'' got underway for the [[Ellice Islands]] to embark the 11th and 58th [[Construction Battalion]]s for transportation to the [[Admiralty Islands|Admiralties]]. At 1700 on 17 April, while entering [[Seeadler Harbor]] at [[Manus Island|Manus]], she ran aground due to an inaccurate chart and poor placement of [[buoy]]s marking the channel. After the ship had been refloated at 0100 on the 18th, a quick check revealed no damage to her hull or machinery.
▲''Wharton'' later transported 1,782 men of the Royal [[New Zealand Army]] from [[Green Island, Papua New Guinea|Green Island]] to Nouméa before sailing for Espiritu Santo and Guadalcanal. At the latter island — the scene of bitter struggles from August 1942 to February 1943 — the ship participated in training exercises with Transport Division 8. After two weeks of practice landings, ''Wharton'' sailed for Kwajalein with 1,587 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the 12th Marines and the [[1st Battalion 3rd Marines|1st Battalion of the 3rd Marines]] embarked. At Kwajalein, she transferred the latter unit to [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]'s for the impending operations against the Japanese-held [[Mariana Islands|Marianas]].
She got underway for [[Guam]] on 12 June and spent 17 days at sea before returning to Kwajalein, because fierce Japanese resistance on [[Saipan]] had forced [[Chester W. Nimitz|Admiral Nimitz]] to postpone American landings on Guam. Underway again on 17 July, the transport made landfall off Guam four days later and soon disembarked her assault troops. That night, she retired to sea until midnight, when she reversed course to return to the beachhead for her role as casualty evacuation ship.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
==Assisting the wounded at Guam==
On the day that followed, she continued this pattern of operations. Although not designed for such work, ''Wharton'' performed yeoman service off the beaches. Two of the ship's [[Lifeboat (shipboard)|lifeboats]] were kept ready in their [[davit]]s for instant deployment, and [[Litter (rescue basket)|litters]] containing casualties were brought alongside in [[landing craft]] and transferred to these boats which were then hoisted up to the [[promenade deck]] level to be rushed to emergency dressing stations in the passenger officers' [[wardroom]] spaces. During the landing operations, some 723 patients were logged into ''Wharton's'' [[sick bay]], most of them coming on board by way of this improvised "lifeboat elevator."{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
Operating in company with {{USS|Rixey|APH-3}}, ''Wharton'' returned to the transport area each morning for eight successive days to receive casualties and send an occasional beach party ashore. These latter groups worked on the off-shore [[reef]], unloading supplies and [[ammunition]] from [[Landing Craft Mechanized|LCM]]'s —– which could not cross the [[coral]] to waiting [[Landing Vehicle Tracked|amphibious tractors]] which carried the cargo to the beachhead. Working often in 24-hour stretches, these men on occasion came under enemy [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar]] fire. On 29 July, her part in the Guam operation completed, ''Wharton'' headed for Eniwetok with 519 patients embarked.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
Following the Marianas operation, ''Wharton'' returned to the [[United States]], reaching San Francisco on 25 August. After two months of repairs, the ship resumed her transport duties and made a voyage to Guadalcanal, Espiritu Santo, and Nouméa before returning to the United States late in the year.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
==Supporting Invasion of the Philippines==
 
On 7 January 1945, ''Wharton'' got underway for the [[Philippine Islands]], carrying troops and cargo in support of the operations to wrest the islands from the Japanese. She disembarked 1,386 troops and 131 tons of cargo at [[Samar]] on 14 February and, two days later, unloaded 134 tons of cargo and 869 more troops at [[Leyte]] Island. Underway for home on the 17th, the transport stopped at [[Ulithi]] before pressing on eastward and arriving at San Francisco on 12 March.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
==Supporting the Okinawa invasion==
 
''Wharton'' next participated in the operations against [[Okinawa]], arriving offshore on 19 May. The transport soon disembarked 2,118 troops (including 30 Army [[nurse]]s) in LCM's sent from shore, as ''Wharton'' ordinarily carried no landing craft of her own. Several times, the ship went to [[general quarters]] and was screened by smoke, but she emerged from the campaign unscathed by [[kamikazes]] that had taken such a dreadful toll from American ships. On 22 May, the transport departed for the [[Caroline Islands]], with 273 troops and 29 casualties embarked, and arrived at Ulithi on the 28th.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}▼
''Wharton'' took part in no further combat operations and returned home —– via Seeadler Harbor, Guadalcanal, Espiritu Santo, Nouméa, and Suva —– to San Francisco on 25 June. The ship remained there until 3 August, when she moved to Seattle, Washington, before returning to Pearl Harbor.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}▼
▲''Wharton'' next participated in the operations against [[Okinawa]], arriving offshore on 19 May. The transport soon disembarked 2,118 troops (including 30 Army [[nurse]]s) in LCM's sent from shore, as ''Wharton'' ordinarily carried no landing craft of her own. Several times, the ship went to [[general quarters]] and was screened by smoke, but she emerged from the campaign unscathed by [[kamikazes]] that had taken such a dreadful toll from American ships. On 22 May, the transport departed for the [[Caroline Islands]], with 273 troops and 29 casualties embarked, and arrived at Ulithi on the 28th.
▲''Wharton'' took part in no further combat operations and returned home — via Seeadler Harbor, Guadalcanal, Espiritu Santo, Nouméa, and Suva — to San Francisco on 25 June. The ship remained there until 3 August, when she moved to Seattle, Washington, before returning to Pearl Harbor.
 
==End-of-War activities==
 
Hostilities had then ended, but the gigantic job of returning troops from the far-flung bases and islands nonetheless remained. ''Wharton'' conducted three voyages to the western Pacific —– calling at Eniwetok, Guam, Saipan, Samar, [[Tacloban]], and [[Puerto PrincessaPrincesa]] through the end of 1945 to pick up Army, Navy, and Marine Corps veterans and return them to the United States in "[[Operation Magic Carpet (World War II)|Operation Magic Carpet]]". Wharton made one more trip under "Magic Carpet" to Yokosuka, Japan, in February 1946.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
==Bikini Atoll A-Bomb testing==
 
In the spring of 1946, ''Wharton'' participated in "[[Operation Crossroads]]" —– transporting observers to [[Bikini Atoll]] for the [[atomic bomb]] tests which were to be conducted there in July. She remained there until the completion of her duties on 27 August. She made one round-trip cruise from San Francisco to Guam and one from San Francisco to the Far East, adding [[Yokohama, Japan|Yokohama]] and [[Sasebo, Nagasaki|Sasebo]], Japan; and [[Shanghai]], China; to her list of ports of call.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}
 
''Wharton'' was awarded three battle stars for her World War II service.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}▼
 
==Post-War deactivation and decommissioning==
The transport returned to the United States on 28 January, when she made port at San Francisco prior to heading north to Seattle, Washington, and arrived there on 9 February 1947. On 11 March, the [[Secretary of the Navy]] declared ''Wharton'' "surplus to Navy needs" and accordingly authorized her disposal. Decommissioned on 26 March 1947, ''Wharton'' was struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register|Navy List]] on 4 April 1947.▼
 
▲The transport returned to the United States on 28 January, when she made port at San Francisco prior to heading north to Seattle, Washington, and arrived there on 9 February 1947. On 11 March, the [[Secretary of the Navy]] declared ''Wharton'' "surplus to Navy needs" and accordingly authorized her disposal. Decommissioned on 26 March 1947, ''Wharton'' was struckstricken from the [[Naval Vessel Register|Navy List]] on 4 April 1947.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}} In a report dated 28 March 1947 the Navy formally declared the ship surplus to the U.S. Maritime Commission as disposal agency.{{sfn|Maritime Administration}}
==Awards==
 
The ship, evaluated as in very poor condition with one engine having a broken reduction gear and reported leaks in the forepeak, entered U.S. Maritime Commission custody on 27 March 1947 at Olympia, Washington. The hull was sold for $368,426 to Bethlehem Pacific Coast Steel Corporation in bids opened 1 February 1952 and withdrawn from the reserve fleet for scrapping on 21 March 1952.{{sfn|Maritime Administration}}
▲''Wharton'' was awarded three battle stars for her World War II service
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/w7/wharton.htm}}
 
==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/munson.htm |title=Munson Line |last=Larsson |first=Björn |date=15 November 2009 |work=Maritime Timetable Images |publisher=Björn Larsson |access-date=9 August 2015 |ref={{sfnref|Larsson: Maritime Timetable Images}}}}
*{{cite web |url=https://vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov/ShipHistory/Detail/4611 |title=Southern Cross |author=Maritime Administration |work=Ship History Database Vessel Status Card |publisher=U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration |access-date=12 February 2021}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/w/wharton.html |title=''Wharton'' |author=Naval History And Heritage Command |work=Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships |publisher=Naval History And Heritage Command |access-date=10 August 2015 |ref={{sfnref|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: ''Wharton''}}}}
*{{cite web |last=Priolo |first=Gary P. |title=USS Wharton (AP-7) |publisher=NavSource Online |date= 27 March 2020 |url=http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/22/22007.htm |access-date=12 February 2021}}
*{{cite book |last=United States Shipping Board |year=1926 |title=Tenth Annual Report of the United States Shipping Board |location=Washington |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=izEwAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA89 |access-date=19 August 2015 }}
*{{cite journal |editor-last=Villard |editor-first=Harold G. |year=1921 |title=U. S. Passenger Liners Are Given New Names |journal=The Nautical Gazette |volume=100 |issue=4 June 1921 |page=732 |location=New York |publisher=The Nautical Gazette, Inc. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XYk9AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA732 |access-date=10 August 2015 |ref={{sfnref|Villard: The Nautical Gazette, 4 June 1921}}}}
{{refend}}
 
==External links==
* {{navsource|09/22/22007|USS Wharton}}
* [https://vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov/cards/51a317e7-71b8-4336-b9b0-446bf4e81241.jpg "Declaration of Surplus Personal Property to Disposal Agency" (1947 Navy declaration to USMC with ship particulars)]
* [https://archive.org/stream/literarydigest72newy#page/n588/mode/1up Rio de Janeiro is Now Only 11 Days Away] (United States Shipping Board advertisement/Munson Steamship Line's advertisement with ship description)
 
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