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{{short description|Commune in Île-de-France, France}}
{{Infobox French commune
|name = Montlhéry
|commune status = [[Communes of France|Commune]]
|image = Tour de Montlhéry.jpg
|caption = Tour de Montlhéry
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Chamarande and Montlhéry (Essonne).svg
|
|arrondissement = Palaiseau
|canton =
|intercommunality =
|mayor = Claude Pons<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=2 December 2020|language=fr}}</ref>
|term =
|INSEE = 91425
|postal code = 91310
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|elevation max m = 151
|area km2 = 3.28
|population =
|population date =
|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
}}
'''Montlhéry''' ({{IPA-fr|
Inhabitants of Montlhéry are known as ''Montlhériens''.▼
==History==
Montlhéry lay on the strategically important road from Paris to [[Orléans]]. Under the [[Merovingians]], it was owned by the church in [[Reims]] and in 768 it was given to the abbey of St. Denis in Paris. It was the site of a number of battles between the lords of Montlhéry and the early [[House of Capet|Capetian]] monarchy.
The Montlhéry noble house was related to the [[Montmorency family]]; Thibaud, the founder of the Montlhéry dynasty, was the brother of Bouchard II, the progenitor of the Montmorency house. Thibaud ruled from 970 to 1031 and was succeeded by his son [[Guy I of Montlhéry|Guy I]], who ruled until 1095. Guy I's children married into other local noble families: his daughter Melisende married Hugh, [[count of Rethel]], and another daughter Elizabeth married Joscelin of Courtenay. Through these marriages and subsequent Montlhéry participation on the [[First Crusade]], Guy I was the ancestor of the ruling dynasties of the crusader [[Kingdom of Jerusalem]] and the [[County of Edessa]]. Another daughter, Alice, married into the [[Le Puiset]] family, and a son, Guy, became count of [[Rochefort-en-Yvelines|Rochefort]]. Guy I was succeeded by Milo I, followed by Milo's sons Guy II and Milo II. In 1118, after many disputes with the rebellious lords, [[Louis VI of France]] ordered the castle to be dismantled and turned the town into a royal residence. Louis VI had himself been married to a granddaughter of Guy I, Lucienne of Rochefort, from 1104 to 1107.
After being absorbed into the royal domain, Montlhéry became part of the territory governed by the viscount of Paris. In the early 13th century, the French king [[Philip II of France|Philip II (Augustus)]] completely rebuilt the castle in the contemporary style, at a new site high above the town.
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During the [[Franco-Prussian War]], the town was occupied and pillaged by the [[Prussia]]ns. It was occupied again by [[Germany]] in 1940 during the [[Second World War]].
Today Montlhéry is twinned with [[Stetten am kalten Markt]], [[Germany]].<
==Population==
▲Inhabitants of Montlhéry are known as ''Montlhériens'' in French.
{{Historical populations
|source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-91425#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
|percentages = pagr
|align = none
|1968 |3283
|1975 |3714
|1982 |4359
|1990 |5195
|1999 |5676
|2007 |6455
|2012 |7201
|2017 |7593
}}
==Château de Montlhéry==
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==Economy==
South of Montlhéry (on the communes of [[Linas]] and [[Bruyères-le-Châtel]]) is the site of an [[automobile]] [[race track]], the ''[[Autodrome de Linas-Montlhéry|Autodrome de Montlhéry]]'', established by Alexandre Lamblin in 1924. It is sometimes referred to as the 'French [[Indianapolis Motor Speedway|Indianapolis]]', because it is laid out as a high speed [[oval]]. Many speed records were set there within months of its opening. Today the racetrack has fallen into disuse and is also used for other purposes including a variety of automobile meetups.
Montlhéry was also a [[market town]], which is remembered today in the Tomato Festival. The medieval tower is also a popular tourist attraction, which recently re-opened in 2005 after being closed for repairs.
==Personalities==
* [[Henri Oreiller]], was an alpine ski racer and Olympic gold medalist from France.
* [[Paul Fort]], nicknamed ''Le Prince des Poètes'' lived there from 1921 until his death in 1960.
==See also==
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==References==
{{reflist}}
*[http://www.montlhery.com/chateau1.htm History and Archaeology of the Castle, on Montlhéry.com]
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| last = Salch
| first = Charles-Laurent
|
| title = Dictionnaire des châteaux et des fortifications du moyen âge en France
| publisher = Publitotal
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==External links==
*{{
* [http://www.ville-montlhery.fr City council website] (in French)
* [http://www.montlhery.com/welcome.htm Website about Montlhéry]
*{{Search Mérimée|91425}}
*[http://www.
{{Essonne communes}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Montlhery}}
[[Category:Communes of Essonne]]
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