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Probes of Gravitational Waves with Atom Interferometers
/ Ellis, John (King's Coll. London ; CERN ; NICPB, Tallinn) ; Vaskonen, Ville (King's Coll. London ; NICPB, Tallinn)
Atom interferometers (AIs) on earth and in space offer good capabilities for measuring gravitational waves (GWs) in the mid-frequency deciHz band, complementing the sensitivities of the LIGO/Virgo and LISA experiments and enabling probes of possible modifications of the general relativity predictions for GW propagation. We illustrate these capabilities using the projected sensitivities of the AION (terrestrial) and AEDGE (space-based) AI projects, showing that AION could improve the present LIGO/Virgo direct limit on the graviton mass by a factor $\sim 40$ to $\simeq 10^{-24}\,$eV, and AEDGE could improve the limit by another order of magnitude. [...]
arXiv:2003.13480; KCL-PH-TH/2020-15; CERN-TH-2020-048.-
2020-06-10 - 9 p.
- Published in : Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 124013
Fulltext: PDF; Fulltext from Publisher: PDF;
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2.
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Prospective Sensitivities of Atom Interferometers to Gravitational Waves and Ultralight Dark Matter
/ Badurina, Leonardo (King's Coll. London) ; Buchmueller, Oliver (Imperial Coll., London) ; Ellis, John (King's Coll. London ; CERN ; NICPB, Tallinn) ; Lewicki, Marek (Warsaw U.) ; McCabe, Christopher (King's Coll. London) ; Vaskonen, Ville (Barcelona, IFAE)
We survey the prospective sensitivities of terrestrial and space-borne atom interferometers (AIs) to gravitational waves (GWs) generated by cosmological and astrophysical sources, and to ultralight dark matter. We discuss the backgrounds from gravitational gradient noise (GGN) in terrestrial detectors, and also binary pulsar and asteroid backgrounds in space-borne detectors. [...]
arXiv:2108.02468; AION-REPORT/2021-04; KCL-PH-TH/2021-61; CERN-TH-2021-116.-
2022-02-07 - 18 p.
- Published in : Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 380 (2022) 20210060
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AION: An Atom Interferometer Observatory and Network
/ Badurina, L. (King's Coll. London) ; Bentine, E. (U. Oxford (main)) ; Blas, D. (King's Coll. London) ; Bongs, K. (Birmingham U.) ; Bortoletto, D. (U. Oxford (main)) ; Bowcock, T. (U. Liverpool (main)) ; Bridges, K. (U. Liverpool (main)) ; Bowden, W. (Teddington, Natl. Phys. Lab ; Imperial Coll., London) ; Buchmueller, O. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Burrage, C. (U. Nottingham) et al.
We outline the experimental concept and key scientific capabilities of AION (Atom Interferometer Observatory and Network), a proposed UK-based experimental programme using cold strontium atoms to search for ultra-light dark matter, to explore gravitational waves in the mid-frequency range between the peak sensitivities of the LISA and LIGO/Virgo/ KAGRA/INDIGO/Einstein Telescope/Cosmic Explorer experiments, and to probe other frontiers in fundamental physics. AION would complement other planned searches for dark matter, as well as probe mergers involving intermediate mass black holes and explore early universe cosmology. [...]
arXiv:1911.11755; AION-2019-001; CERN-TH-2019-199.-
2020-05-06 - 28 p.
- Published in : JCAP 2005 (2020) 011
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A lower bound on the primordial black hole merger rate
/ Vaskonen, Ville (King's Coll. London ; NICPB, Tallinn) ; Veermäe, Hardi (NICPB, Tallinn ; CERN)
We derive a lower bound on the merger rate of primordial black hole (PBH) binaries by estimating the maximal fraction of binaries that were perturbed between formation in the early Universe and merger, and computing a conservative merger rate of perturbed binaries. This implies robust constraints on the PBH abundance in the range $1-100 M_\odot$. [...]
arXiv:1908.09752; CERN-TH-2019-141; KCL-PH-TH/2019-69.-
2020-02-20 - 8 p.
- Published in : Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 043015
Fulltext: 1908.09752 - PDF; PhysRevD.101.043015 - PDF; Fulltext from Publisher: PDF;
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5.
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Dark Matter Effects On Neutron Star Properties
/ Ellis, John (NICPB, Tallinn ; King's Coll. London ; CERN) ; Hütsi, Gert (NICPB, Tallinn ; Tartu U.) ; Kannike, Kristjan (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Marzola, Luca (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Raidal, Martti (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Vaskonen, Ville (NICPB, Tallinn)
We study possible effects of a dark matter (DM) core on the maximum mass of a neutron star (NS), on the mass-radius relation and on the NS tidal deformability parameter $\Lambda$. We show that all these quantities would in general be reduced in the presence of a DM core. [...]
arXiv:1804.01418; CERN-TH-2018-072; KCL-PH-TH/2018-13; KCL-PH-TH-2018-13.-
2018-06-15 - 7 p.
- Published in : Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 123007
Article from SCOAP3: PDF; Fulltext: PDF;
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Probing Supermassive Black Hole Seed Scenarios with Gravitational-wave Measurements
/ Ellis, John (King's Coll. London ; CERN) ; Fairbairn, Malcolm (King's Coll. London) ; Urrutia, Juan ; Vaskonen, Ville
The process whereby the supermassive black holes populating the centers of galaxies have been assembled remains to be established, with the relative importance of seeds provided by collapsed Population-III stars, black holes formed in nuclear star clusters via repeated mergers, or direct collapses of protogalactic disks yet to be determined. In this paper we study the prospects for casting light on this issue by future measurements of gravitational waves emitted during the inspirals and mergers of pairs of intermediate-mass black holes, discussing in particular the roles of prospective measurements by LISA and the proposed atom interferometers AION and AEDGE. [...]
arXiv:2312.02983; KCL-PH-TH/2023-69; CERN-TH-2023-227.-
2024-03-11 - 7 p.
- Published in : Astrophys. J. 964 (2024) 11
Fulltext: document - PDF; 2312.02983 - PDF;
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Consistency of JWST Black Hole Observations with NANOGrav Gravitational Wave Measurements
/ Ellis, John (King's Coll. London ; CERN) ; Fairbairn, Malcolm (King's Coll. London) ; Hütsi, Gert (Unlisted, EE) ; Urrutia, Juan (Unlisted, EE ; NICPB, Tallinn) ; Vaskonen, Ville (Unlisted, EE ; Padua U. ; INFN, Padua) ; Veermäe, Hardi (Unlisted, EE)
JWST observations have opened a new chapter in studies of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), stimulating discussion of two puzzles: the abundance of SMBHs in the early Universe and the fraction of dual AGNs. In this paper we argue that the answers to these puzzles may be linked to an interpretation of the data on the nHz gravitational wave (GWs) discovered by NANOGrav and other Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) in terms of SMBH binaries losing energy by interactions with their environments as well as by GW emission. [...]
arXiv:2403.19650; KCL-PH-TH/2024-16; CERN-TH-2024-038; AION-REPORT/2024-03.-
2024-11-01 - 9 p.
- Published in : Astron. Astrophys. 691 (2024) A270
Fulltext: 2403.19650 - PDF; Publication - PDF; document - PDF;
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Search for Dark Matter Effects on Gravitational Signals from Neutron Star Mergers
/ Ellis, John (NICPB, Tallinn ; CERN ; King's Coll. London) ; Hektor, Andi (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Hütsi, Gert (NICPB, Tallinn ; Tartu Observ.) ; Kannike, Kristjan (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Marzola, Luca (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Raidal, Martti (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Vaskonen, Ville (NICPB, Tallinn)
Motivated by the recent detection of the gravitational wave signal emitted by a binary neutron star merger, we analyse the possible impact of dark matter on such signals. We show that dark matter cores in merging neutron stars may yield an observable supplementary peak in the gravitational wave power spectral density following the merger, which could be distinguished from the features produced by the neutron components..
arXiv:1710.05540; CERN-TH-2017-208; KCL-PH-TH-2017-50.-
2018-06-10 - 4 p.
- Published in : Phys. Lett. B 781 (2018) 607-610
Article from SCOAP3: PDF; Fulltext: PDF;
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10.
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Gravitational Waves from SMBH Binaries in Light of the NANOGrav 15-Year Data
/ Ellis, John (Unlisted, EE ; King's Coll. London ; CERN) ; Fairbairn, Malcolm (King's Coll. London) ; Hütsi, Gert (Unlisted, EE) ; Raidal, Juhan (Unlisted, EE) ; Urrutia, Juan (Unlisted, EE ; NICPB, Tallinn) ; Vaskonen, Ville (Unlisted, EE ; Padua U. ; INFN, Padua) ; Veermäe, Hardi (Unlisted, EE)
The NANOGrav Collaboration has recently announced evidence for nHz gravitational waves (GWs), in the form of a Hellings-Downs angular correlation in the common-spectrum process that had been observed previously by them and other Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs). We analyze the possibility that these GWs originate from binary supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with total masses $\gtrsim 10^9\, M_{\odot}$. [...]
arXiv:2306.17021; KCL-PH-TH/2023-37; CERN-TH-2023-120; AION-REPORT/2023-06.-
2024-01-10 - 11 p.
- Published in : Phys. Rev. D 109 (2024) L021302
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