002775800 001__ 2775800
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002775800 0248_ $$aoai:cds.cern.ch:2775800$$pcerncds:FULLTEXT$$pcerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT$$pcerncds:CERN
002775800 0247_ $$2DOI$$9Elsevier B.V.$$a10.1016/j.dark.2022.101001$$qpublication
002775800 037__ $$9arXiv$$aarXiv:2107.03137$$chep-ex
002775800 035__ $$9arXiv$$aoai:arXiv.org:2107.03137
002775800 035__ $$9Inspire$$aoai:inspirehep.net:1878230$$d2023-06-27T11:53:02Z$$h2023-06-28T02:43:07Z$$mmarcxml$$ttrue$$uhttps://inspirehep.net/api/oai2d
002775800 035__ $$9Inspire$$a1878230
002775800 041__ $$aeng
002775800 100__ $$aNavarro, [email protected]$$uCartagena Politecnica U.$$vDepartment of Information and Communications Technologies, Technical University of Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
002775800 245__ $$9arXiv$$aWide-band full-wave electromagnetic modal analysis of the coupling between dark-matter axions and photons in microwave resonators
002775800 269__ $$c2021-07-07
002775800 260__ $$c2022-06
002775800 300__ $$a37 p
002775800 500__ $$9arXiv$$a37 pages, 14 figures, 40 references
002775800 520__ $$9Elsevier B.V.$$aThe electromagnetic coupling axion–photon in a microwave cavity is revisited with the Boundary Integral-Resonant Mode Expansion (BI-RME) 3D technique. Such full-wave modal technique has been applied for the rigorous analysis of the excitation of a microwave cavity with an axion field. In this scenario, the electromagnetic field generated by the axion–photon coupling can be assumed to be driven by equivalent electrical charge and current densities. These densities have been inserted in the general BI-RME 3D equations, which express the RF electromagnetic field existing within a cavity as an integral involving the Dyadic Green’s functions of the cavity (under Coulomb gauge) as well as such densities. This method is able to take into account any arbitrary spatial and temporal variation of both magnitude and phase of the axion field. Next, we have obtained a simple network driven by the axion current source, which represents the coupling between the axion field and the resonant modes of the cavity. With this approach, it is possible to calculate the extracted and dissipated RF power as a function of frequency along a broad band and without Cauchy–Lorentz approximations, obtaining the spectrum of the electromagnetic field generated in the cavity, and dealing with modes relatively close to the axion resonant mode. Moreover, with this technique we have a complete knowledge of the signal extracted from the cavity, not only in magnitude but also in phase. This can be an interesting issue for future analysis where the axion phase is an important parameter.
002775800 520__ $$9arXiv$$aThe electromagnetic coupling axion-photon in a microwave cavity is revisited with the Boundary Integral - Resonant Mode Expansion (BI-RME) 3D technique. Such full-wave modal technique has been applied for the rigorous analysis of the excitation of a microwave cavity with an axion field. In this scenario, the electromagnetic field generated by the axion-photon coupling can be assumed to be driven by equivalent electrical charge and current densities. These densities have been inserted in the general BI-RME 3D equations, which express the RF electromagnetic field existing within a cavity as an integral involving the Dyadic Green functions of the cavity (under Coulomb gauge) as well as such densities. This method is able to take into account any arbitrary spatial and temporal variation of both magnitude and phase of the axion field. Next, we have obtained a simple network driven by the axion current source, which represents the coupling between the axion field and the resonant modes of the cavity. With this approach, it is possible to calculate the extracted and dissipated RF power as a function of frequency along a broad band and without Cauchy-Lorentz approximations, obtaining the spectrum of the electromagnetic field generated in the cavity, and dealing with modes relatively close to the axion resonant mode. Moreover, with this technique we have a complete knowledge of the signal extracted from the cavity, not only in magnitude but also in phase. This can be an interesting issue for future analysis where the axion phase is an important parameter.
002775800 540__ $$3preprint$$aCC BY 4.0$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
002775800 542__ $$3publication$$dElsevier B.V.$$f© 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.$$g2022
002775800 65017 $$2arXiv$$ahep-ex
002775800 65017 $$2SzGeCERN$$aParticle Physics - Experiment
002775800 690C_ $$aCERN
002775800 690C_ $$aARTICLE
002775800 700__ $$aGimeno, [email protected]$$uValencia U., IFIC$$vInstituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-University of Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain
002775800 700__ $$aAlvarez Melcon, A. [email protected]$$uCartagena Politecnica U.$$vDepartment of Information and Communications Technologies, Technical University of Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
002775800 700__ $$aArguedas Cuendis, S. [email protected]$$uCERN$$vEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
002775800 700__ $$aCogollos, [email protected]$$uICC, Barcelona U.$$vInstituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
002775800 700__ $$aDiaz-Morcillo, [email protected]$$uCartagena Politecnica U.$$vDepartment of Information and Communications Technologies, Technical University of Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
002775800 700__ $$aGallego, [email protected]$$uBonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.$$vYebes Observatory, National Centre for Radioastronomy Technology and Geospace Applications, 19080 Guadalajara, Spain
002775800 700__ $$aGarcia Barcelo, J.M. [email protected]$$uCartagena Politecnica U.$$vDepartment of Information and Communications Technologies, Technical University of Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
002775800 700__ $$aGolm, [email protected]$$uCERN$$uJena U.$$vEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland$$vInstitute for Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
002775800 700__ $$aIrastorza, [email protected][email protected]$$uZaragoza U.$$vCAPA & Departamento de Física Teórica, University de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
002775800 700__ $$a Lozano Guerrero, [email protected]$$uCartagena Politecnica U.$$vDepartment of Information and Communications Technologies, Technical University of Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
002775800 700__ $$a Penya Garay, [email protected]$$uValencia U., IFIC$$uLSC, Canfranc$$vI2SysBio, CSIC-University of Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain$$vLaboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, 22880 - Estación de Canfranc, Huesca, Spain
002775800 773__ $$c101001$$mpublication$$pPhys. Dark Univ.$$v36$$y2022
002775800 8564_ $$82306439$$s6824$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/power_rades_zoom-eps-converted-to.png$$y00022 Extracted $P_w$ and dissipated $P_c$ powers as a function of the frequency for the RADES haloscope (top). In the bottom figure we present a zoom of the plot in order to check the coupling regime achieved in the design of the coaxial probe at the main resonance, observing a very accurate critical coupling condition.
002775800 8564_ $$82306440$$s5764$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/Ia_rades_phase.png$$y00020 Axion current $I_a$ as a function of the frequency for the RADES haloscope, as obtained with the method presented in this paper. Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) have been plotted.
002775800 8564_ $$82306441$$s5410$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/Ia_M1_cylinder_phase.png$$y00009 Axion current $I_a$ of the cylindrical cavity as a function of the frequency considering only the first mode ($M=1$). Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) are plotted.
002775800 8564_ $$82306442$$s4490$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/S11_cylinder-eps-converted-to.png$$y00004 Reflection scattering parameter $S_{11}$ as a function of the frequency for the cylindrical resonator. Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) have been plotted.
002775800 8564_ $$82306443$$s7983$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/power_M1_cylinder_zoom.png$$y00011 Extracted power $P_w$ from the cylindrical cavity (continuous line) as a function of the frequency considering only the first mode ($M=1$) in comparison with \cite{kim_CAPP_2019} (dashed line) (top). We also show a zoom in the bottom figure for a closer comparison.
002775800 8564_ $$82306444$$s9273$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/power_M6_cylinder-eps-converted-to.png$$y00014 Extracted $P_w$ and dissipated $P_c$ powers of the cylindrical cavity as a function of the frequency, considering the full set of modes coupled with the coaxial probe ($M=6$) in comparison with \cite{jackson} (top). In the bottom figure, we present a zoom of the plot in order to check the coupling regime achieved in the design of the coaxial probe, observing a very accurate critical coupling condition.
002775800 8564_ $$82306445$$s6788$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/Ia_M1_cylinder_mag.png$$y00008 Axion current $I_a$ of the cylindrical cavity as a function of the frequency considering only the first mode ($M=1$). Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) are plotted.
002775800 8564_ $$82306446$$s5302$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/S11_rades_phase-eps-converted-to.png$$y00018 Reflection scattering parameter $S_{11}$ as a function of the frequency for the RADES haloscope. Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) are shown.
002775800 8564_ $$82306447$$s7751$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/Ia_M6_cylinder_mag.png$$y00012 Axion current $I_a$ of the cylindrical cavity as a function of the frequency, considering the total set of modes coupled with the coaxial probe ($M=6$). Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) are displayed.
002775800 8564_ $$82306448$$s5897$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/Ia_M6_cylinder_phase.png$$y00013 Axion current $I_a$ of the cylindrical cavity as a function of the frequency, considering the total set of modes coupled with the coaxial probe ($M=6$). Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) are displayed.
002775800 8564_ $$82306449$$s4953$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/S11_phase_cylinder-eps-converted-to.png$$y00005 Reflection scattering parameter $S_{11}$ as a function of the frequency for the cylindrical resonator. Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) have been plotted.
002775800 8564_ $$82306450$$s7469$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/power_M1_cylinder.png$$y00010 Extracted power $P_w$ from the cylindrical cavity (continuous line) as a function of the frequency considering only the first mode ($M=1$) in comparison with \cite{kim_CAPP_2019} (dashed line) (top). We also show a zoom in the bottom figure for a closer comparison.
002775800 8564_ $$82306451$$s4888$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/S11_rades_mag-eps-converted-to.png$$y00017 Reflection scattering parameter $S_{11}$ as a function of the frequency for the RADES haloscope. Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) are shown.
002775800 8564_ $$82306452$$s61652$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/scheme_cylinder.png$$y00003 Scheme of the cylindrical cavity.
002775800 8564_ $$82306453$$s5355$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/Yc_imag_cylinder.png$$y00007 Input admittance of the cavity $Y_c$ as a function of the frequency for the cylindrical resonator. Real part (top) and imaginary part (bottom) are shown.
002775800 8564_ $$82306454$$s4436$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/Yc_real_cylinder.png$$y00006 Input admittance of the cavity $Y_c$ as a function of the frequency for the cylindrical resonator. Real part (top) and imaginary part (bottom) are shown.
002775800 8564_ $$82306455$$s20037$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/general_birme3d_network.png$$y00001 Multimode equivalent network of a cavity resonator excited by an axion field. We have represented the port $(\mu)$.
002775800 8564_ $$82306456$$s8375$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/power_rades-eps-converted-to.png$$y00021 Extracted $P_w$ and dissipated $P_c$ powers as a function of the frequency for the RADES haloscope (top). In the bottom figure we present a zoom of the plot in order to check the coupling regime achieved in the design of the coaxial probe at the main resonance, observing a very accurate critical coupling condition.
002775800 8564_ $$82306457$$s173071$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/scheme_rades.png$$y00016 Scheme of the five cavities coupled all-inductive RADES haloscope. The coaxial cable has been inserted in the first cavity.
002775800 8564_ $$82306458$$s1317650$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/2107.03137.pdf$$yFulltext
002775800 8564_ $$82306459$$s8889$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/power_M6_cylinder_zoom-eps-converted-to.png$$y00015 Extracted $P_w$ and dissipated $P_c$ powers of the cylindrical cavity as a function of the frequency, considering the full set of modes coupled with the coaxial probe ($M=6$) in comparison with \cite{jackson} (top). In the bottom figure, we present a zoom of the plot in order to check the coupling regime achieved in the design of the coaxial probe, observing a very accurate critical coupling condition.
002775800 8564_ $$82306460$$s6992$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/Ia_rades_mag.png$$y00019 Axion current $I_a$ as a function of the frequency for the RADES haloscope, as obtained with the method presented in this paper. Magnitude (top) and phase (bottom) have been plotted.
002775800 8564_ $$82306461$$s14817$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/singleport_mode_birme3d_network.png$$y00002 Single mode equivalent network of a cavity resonator excited by an axion field with one port.
002775800 8564_ $$82306462$$s137580$$uhttps://cds.cern.ch/record/2775800/files/cavity_birme3d.png$$y00000 Arbitrarily-shaped microwave resonant cavity connected to different access waveguide ports (rectangular, coaxial and circular).
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