arXiv : Mapping the material in the LHCb vertex locator using secondary hadronic interactions

Alexander, M.; Oblakowska-Mucha, A.; Rinnert, K.; Sarpis, G.; van Beuzekom, M.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Poluektov, A.; Parkes, C.; Bay, A.; Majewski, M.W.; Schindler, H.; Schiller, M.; Ilten, P.; Da Cunha Marinho, F.; Buchanan, E.; Smith, M.; Dreimanis, K.; Harrison, J.; Buytaert, J.; Wallace, C.; Hutchcroft, D.; Gersabeck, M.; Evans, T.; Webber, A.; Dossett, D.; Bowcock, T.J.V.; Hennessy, K.; Dean, C.T.; Hadavizadeh, T.; Koppenburg, P.; Leflat, A.; De Capua, S.; Williams, M.R.J.; Volkov, V.; Redford, S.; Pritchard, A.; Dujany, G.; McNulty, R.; Bel, L.J.; Ferro-Luzzi, M.; Coco, V.; Rodrigues, E.; Eklund, L.; Dettori, F.; Pearce, A.; Wark, H.M.; John, M.; Hulsbergen, W.; Richards, S.; Williams, M.; Borghi, S.; Bogdanova, G.; Mylroie-Smith, J.; Chen, S.; Qian, W.; Kopciewicz, P.; Szumlak, T.; Collins, P.; Lafferty, G.; Crocombe, A.; Jans, E.; Velthuis, J.J.; Barter, W.; Smith, N.A.; Dall'Occo, E.; Gershon, T.; Latham, T.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/13/06/P06008

Article
Report number	arXiv:1803.07466 ; CERN-LHCb-DP-2018-002 ; CERN-LHCB-DP-2018-002
Title	Mapping the material in the LHCb vertex locator using secondary hadronic interactions
Author(s)	Alexander, M. (Glasgow U.) ; Barter, W. (Manchester U.) ; Bay, A. (Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne) ; Bel, L.J. (NIKHEF, Amsterdam) ; van Beuzekom, M. (NIKHEF, Amsterdam) ; Bogdanova, G. (SINP, Moscow) ; Borghi, S. (Manchester U.) ; Bowcock, T.J.V. (Liverpool U.) ; Buchanan, E. (Bristol U.) ; Buytaert, J. (CERN) ; Carvalho Akiba, K. (UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro) ; Chen, S. (INFN, Cagliari) ; Coco, V. (CERN) ; Collins, P. (CERN) ; Crocombe, A. (Warwick U.) ; Da Cunha Marinho, F. (UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro) ; Dall'Occo, E. (NIKHEF, Amsterdam) ; De Capua, S. (Manchester U.) ; Dean, C.T. (Glasgow U.) ; Dettori, F. (Liverpool U.) ; Dossett, D. (Warwick U.) ; Dreimanis, K. (Liverpool U.) ; Dujany, G. (Paris U., VI-VII) ; Eklund, L. (Glasgow U.) ; Evans, T. (Oxford U.) ; Ferro-Luzzi, M. (CERN) ; Gersabeck, M. (Manchester U.) ; Gershon, T. (Warwick U.) ; Hadavizadeh, T. (Oxford U.) ; Harrison, J. (Manchester U.) ; Hennessy, K. (Liverpool U.) ; Hulsbergen, W. (NIKHEF, Amsterdam) ; Hutchcroft, D. (Liverpool U.) ; Ilten, P. (MIT) ; Jans, E. (NIKHEF, Amsterdam) ; John, M. (Oxford U.) ; Kopciewicz, P. (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Koppenburg, P. (NIKHEF, Amsterdam) ; Lafferty, G. (Manchester U.) ; Latham, T. (Warwick U.) ; Leflat, A. (SINP, Moscow ; CERN) ; Majewski, M.W. (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; McNulty, R. (University Coll., Dublin) ; Mylroie-Smith, J. (Liverpool U.) ; Oblakowska-Mucha, A. (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Parkes, C. (Manchester U.) ; Pearce, A. (CERN) ; Poluektov, A. (Warwick U.) ; Pritchard, A. (Liverpool U.) ; Qian, W. (Warwick U.) ; Redford, S. (Oxford U.) ; Richards, S. (Bristol U.) ; Rinnert, K. (Liverpool U.) ; Rodrigues, E. (Cincinnati U.) ; Sarpis, G. (Manchester U.) ; Schiller, M. (Glasgow U.) ; Schindler, H. (CERN) ; Smith, M. (Manchester U.) ; Smith, N.A. (Liverpool U.) ; Szumlak, T. (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Velthuis, J.J. (Bristol U.) ; Volkov, V. (SINP, Moscow) ; Wallace, C. (Warwick U.) ; Wark, H.M. (Liverpool U.) ; Webber, A. (Manchester U.) ; Williams, M.R.J. (Manchester U.) ; Williams, M. (MIT)
Publication	2018-06-13
Imprint	2018-03-20
Number of pages	11
Note	All figures and tables are available at https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-DP-2018-002.html
In:	JINST 13 (2018) P06008
DOI	10.1088/1748-0221/13/06/P06008
Subject category	hep-ex ; Particle Physics - Experiment ; physics.ins-det ; Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN LHC ; LHCb
Abstract	Precise knowledge of the location of the material in the LHCb vertex locator (VELO) is essential to reducing background in searches for long-lived exotic particles, and in identifying jets that originate from beauty and charm quarks. Secondary interactions of hadrons produced in beam-gas collisions are used to map the location of material in the VELO. Using this material map, along with properties of a reconstructed secondary vertex and its constituent tracks, a $p$-value can be assigned to the hypothesis that the secondary vertex originates from a material interaction. A validation of this procedure is presented using photon conversions to dimuons.
Copyright/License	preprint: (License: CC-BY-4.0)

$From Ref.~\cite{ref:velo}: (top left) a photograph of one side of the VELO, taken during assembly, showing the silicon sensors and readout hybrids; (top right) a schematic of both an $r$ and $\phi$ sensor, showing the sensor strips and routing lines; and (bottom) schematics showing the cross section of the $xz$ plane at $y=0$, where the $r(\phi)$ sensors are shown with solid blue (dashed red) lines, and an $xy$ view of overlapping sensors in the closed position. {\em N.b.}, the modules at positive (negative) $x$ are known as the left or A-side (right or C-side).$ $From Ref.~\cite{ref:velo}: (top left) a photograph of one side of the VELO, taken during assembly, showing the silicon sensors and readout hybrids; (top right) a schematic of both an $r$ and $\phi$ sensor, showing the sensor strips and routing lines; and (bottom) schematics showing the cross section of the $xz$ plane at $y=0$, where the $r(\phi)$ sensors are shown with solid blue (dashed red) lines, and an $xy$ view of overlapping sensors in the closed position. {\em N.b.}, the modules at positive (negative) $x$ are known as the left or A-side (right or C-side).$ $From Ref.~\cite{ref:velo}: (top left) a photograph of one side of the VELO, taken during assembly, showing the silicon sensors and readout hybrids; (top right) a schematic of both an $r$ and $\phi$ sensor, showing the sensor strips and routing lines; and (bottom) schematics showing the cross section of the $xz$ plane at $y=0$, where the $r(\phi)$ sensors are shown with solid blue (dashed red) lines, and an $xy$ view of overlapping sensors in the closed position. {\em N.b.}, the modules at positive (negative) $x$ are known as the left or A-side (right or C-side).$ Show more plots

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