CERN Accelerating science

Article
Report number arXiv:1303.5083 ; CERN-PH-TH-2013-136 ; CERN-PH-TH-2013-136
Title Planck 2013 results. XXIII. Isotropy and Statistics of the CMB
Author(s)

Ade, P.A.R. (Cardiff U.) ; Aghanim, N. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Armitage-Caplan, C. (Oxford U.) ; Arnaud, M. (DAPNIA, Saclay) ; Ashdown, M. (Cambridge U. ; Cambridge U., KICC) ; Atrio-Barandela, F. (Salamanca U.) ; Aumont, J. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Baccigalupi, C. (SISSA, Trieste) ; Banday, A.J. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Barreiro, R.B. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys.) ; Bartlett, J.G. (Caltech ; APC, Paris) ; Bartolo, N. (Padua U.) ; Battaner, E. (Granada U.) ; Battye, R. (Manchester U.) ; Benabed, K. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Benoit, A. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Benoit-Levy, A. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys. ; University Coll. London) ; Bernard, J.P. (IRAP, Toulouse) ; Bersanelli, M. (Brera Observ. ; Milan U.) ; Bielewicz, P. (SISSA, Trieste ; IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Bobin, J. (DAPNIA, Saclay) ; Bock, J.J. (Caltech) ; Bonaldi, A. (Manchester U.) ; Bonavera, L. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys.) ; Bond, J.R. (Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.) ; Borrill, J. (UC, Berkeley ; LBL, Berkeley) ; Bouchet, F.R. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Bridges, M. (Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron. ; Cambridge U. ; Cambridge U., KICC) ; Bucher, M. (APC, Paris) ; Burigana, C. (Ferrara U. ; Bologna Observ.) ; Butler, R.C. (Bologna Observ.) ; Cardoso, J.F. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys. ; APC, Paris ; LTCI, Paris) ; Catalano, A. (LERMA, Ivry ; LPSC, Grenoble) ; Challinor, A. (Cambridge U., DAMTP ; Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron.) ; Chamballu, A. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys. ; DAPNIA, Saclay) ; Chary, R.R. (Caltech) ; Chiang, L.Y. (Taipei, Inst. Astron. Astrophys.) ; Chiang, H.C. (KwaZulu Natal U. ; Princeton U.) ; Christensen, P.R. (Bohr Inst.) ; Church, S. (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.) ; Clements, D.L. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Colombi, S. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Colombo, L.P.L. (Caltech ; UCLA) ; Couchot, F. (Orsay, LAL) ; Coulais, A. (LERMA, Ivry) ; Crill, B.P. (Caltech) ; Cruz, M. (Cantabria U., Santander) ; Curto, A. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys. ; Cambridge U.) ; Cuttaia, F. (Bologna Observ.) ; Danese, L. (SISSA, Trieste) ; Davies, R.D. (Manchester U.) ; Davis, R.J. (Manchester U.) ; de Bernardis, P. (Rome U.) ; de Rosa, A. (Bologna Observ.) ; de Zotti, G. (SISSA, Trieste ; Padua Observ.) ; Delabrouille, J. (APC, Paris) ; Delouis, J.M. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Desert, F.X. (Grenoble Observ.) ; Diego, J.M. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys.) ; Dole, H. (IUF, Paris ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Donzelli, S. (Brera Observ.) ; Dore, O. (Caltech) ; Douspis, M. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Ducout, A. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Dupac, X. (ESA, Madrid) ; Efstathiou, G. (Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron.) ; Elsner, F. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Ensslin, T.A. (Garching, Max Planck Inst.) ; Eriksen, H.K. (Oslo U.) ; Fantaye, Y. (Oslo U.) ; Fergusson, J. (Cambridge U., DAMTP) ; Finelli, F. (INFN, Bologna ; Bologna Observ.) ; Forni, O. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Frailis, M. (Trieste Observ.) ; Franceschi, E. (Bologna Observ.) ; Frommert, M. (Geneva U.) ; Galeotta, S. (Trieste Observ.) ; Ganga, K. (APC, Paris) ; Giard, M. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Giardino, G. (ESTEC, Noordwijk) ; Giraud-Heraud, Y. (APC, Paris) ; Gonzalez-Nuevo, J. (SISSA, Trieste ; Cantabria Inst. of Phys.) ; Gorski, K.M. (Warsaw U. ; Caltech) ; Gratton, S. (Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron. ; Cambridge U., KICC) ; Gregorio, A. (Trieste Observ. ; Trieste U.) ; Gruppuso, A. (Bologna Observ.) ; Hansen, M. (Bohr Inst.) ; Hansen, F.K. (Oslo U.) ; Hanson, D. (Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys. ; Caltech ; Rutherford) ; Harrison, D. (Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron.) ; Helou, G. (Caltech) ; Henrot-Versille, S. (Orsay, LAL) ; Hernandez-Monteagudo, C. (Garching, Max Planck Inst. ; CEFCA, Teruel) ; Herranz, D. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys.) ; Hildebrandt, S.R. (Caltech) ; Hivon, E. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Hobson, M. (Cambridge U.) ; Holmes, W.A. (Caltech) ; Hornstrup, A. (Denmark, Tech. U.) ; Hovest, W. (Garching, Max Planck Inst.) ; Huffenberger, K.M. (Miami U.) ; Jaffe, T.R. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Jaffe, A.H. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Jones, W.C. (Princeton U.) ; Juvela, M. (Helsinki U.) ; Keihanen, E. (Helsinki U.) ; Keskitalo, R. (LBL, Berkeley ; UC, Berkeley) ; Kim, J. (Bohr Inst.) ; Kisner, T.S. (LBL, Berkeley) ; Knoche, J. (Garching, Max Planck Inst.) ; Knox, L. (UC, Davis) ; Kunz, M. (African Inst. Math. Sci., Cape Town ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys. ; Geneva U.) ; Kurki-Suonio, H. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Lagache, G. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Lahteenmaki, A. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Aalto U.) ; Lamarre, J.M. (LERMA, Ivry) ; Lasenby, A. (Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U.) ; Laureijs, R.J. (ESTEC, Noordwijk) ; Lawrence, C.R. (Caltech) ; Leahy, J.P. (Manchester U.) ; Leonardi, R. (ESA, Madrid) ; Leroy, C. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U. ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Lesgourgues, J. (LPHE, Lausanne ; CERN) ; Liguori, M. (Padua U.) ; Lilje, P.B. (Oslo U.) ; Linden-Vornle, M. (Denmark, Tech. U.) ; Lopez-Caniego, M. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys.) ; Lubin, P.M. (UC, Santa Barbara) ; Macias-Perez, J.F. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Maffei, B. (Manchester U.) ; Maino, D. (Brera Observ. ; Milan U.) ; Mandolesi, N. (Ferrara U. ; ASI, Rome ; Bologna Observ.) ; Mangilli, A. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Marinucci, D. (Rome U.) ; Maris, M. (Trieste Observ.) ; Marshall, D.J. (DAPNIA, Saclay) ; Martin, P.G. (Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.) ; Martinez-Gonzalez, E. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys.) ; Masi, S. (Rome U.) ; Matarrese, S. (Padua U.) ; Matthai, F. (Garching, Max Planck Inst.) ; Mazzotta, P. (Rome U.) ; McEwen, J.D. (University Coll. London) ; Meinhold, P.R. (UC, Santa Barbara) ; Melchiorri, A. (INFN, Rome ; Rome U.) ; Mendes, L. (ESA, Madrid) ; Mennella, A. (Brera Observ. ; Milan U.) ; Migliaccio, M. (Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron.) ; Mikkelsen, K. (Oslo U.) ; Mitra, S. (Caltech ; Pune U.) ; Miville-Deschenes, M.A. (Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys. ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Molinari, D. (Bologna Observ.) ; Moneti, A. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Montier, L. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Morgante, G. (Bologna Observ.) ; Mortlock, D. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Moss, A. (Nottingham U.) ; Munshi, D. (Cardiff U.) ; Naselsky, P. (Bohr Inst.) ; Nati, F. (Rome U.) ; Natoli, P. (Bologna Observ. ; ASDC, Frascati ; Ferrara U.) ; Netterfield, C.B. (Toronto U.) ; Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U. (Denmark, Tech. U.) ; Noviello, F. (Manchester U.) ; Novikov, D. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Novikov, I. (Bohr Inst.) ; Osborne, S. (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.) ; Oxborrow, C.A. (Denmark, Tech. U.) ; Paci, F. (SISSA, Trieste) ; Pagano, L. (INFN, Rome ; Rome U.) ; Pajot, F. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Paoletti, D. (INFN, Bologna ; Bologna Observ.) ; Pasian, F. (Trieste Observ.) ; Patanchon, G. (APC, Paris) ; Peiris, H.V. (University Coll. London) ; Perdereau, O. (Orsay, LAL) ; Perotto, L. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Perrotta, F. (SISSA, Trieste) ; Piacentini, F. (Rome U.) ; Piat, M. (APC, Paris) ; Pierpaoli, E. (UCLA) ; Pietrobon, D. (Caltech) ; Plaszczynski, S. (Orsay, LAL) ; Pointecouteau, E. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Pogosyan, D. (Alberta U.) ; Polenta, G. (Rome Observ. ; ASDC, Frascati) ; Ponthieu, N. (Grenoble Observ. ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Popa, L. (Bucharest, Inst. Space Science) ; Poutanen, T. (Aalto U. ; Helsinki U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Pratt, G.W. (DAPNIA, Saclay) ; Prezeau, G. (Caltech) ; Prunet, S. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Puget, J.L. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Rachen, J.P. (Garching, Max Planck Inst. ; Nijmegen U.) ; Rath, C. (Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE) ; Rebolo, R. (Laguna U., Tenerife ; CSIC, Madrid ; IAC, La Laguna) ; Reinecke, M. (Garching, Max Planck Inst.) ; Remazeilles, M. (APC, Paris ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Renault, C. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Renzi, A. (SISSA, Trieste) ; Ricciardi, S. (Bologna Observ.) ; Riller, T. (Garching, Max Planck Inst.) ; Ristorcelli, I. (IRAP, Toulouse ; Toulouse III U.) ; Rocha, G. (Caltech) ; Rosset, C. (APC, Paris) ; Rotti, A. (Pune U.) ; Roudier, G. (Caltech ; LERMA, Ivry ; APC, Paris) ; Rubino-Martin, J.A. (Laguna U., Tenerife ; IAC, La Laguna) ; Rusholme, B. (Caltech) ; Sandri, M. (Bologna Observ.) ; Santos, D. (LPSC, Grenoble) ; Savini, G. (University Coll. London) ; Scott, D. (British Columbia U.) ; Seiffert, M.D. (Caltech) ; Shellard, E.P.S. (Cambridge U., DAMTP) ; Souradeep, T. (Pune U.) ; Spencer, L.D. (Cardiff U.) ; Starck, J.L. (DAPNIA, Saclay) ; Stolyarov, V. (Stavropol, Astrophys. Observ. ; Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U.) ; Stompor, R. (APC, Paris) ; Sudiwala, R. (Cardiff U.) ; Sureau, F. (DAPNIA, Saclay) ; Sutter, P. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Sutton, D. (Cambridge U., KICC ; Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron.) ; Suur-Uski, A.S. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Sygnet, J.F. (Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Tauber, J.A. (ESTEC, Noordwijk) ; Tavagnacco, D. (Trieste U. ; Trieste Observ.) ; Terenzi, L. (Bologna Observ.) ; Toffolatti, L. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys. ; Oviedo U.) ; Tomasi, M. (Brera Observ.) ; Tristram, M. (Orsay, LAL) ; Tucci, M. (Orsay, LAL ; Geneva U.) ; Tuovinen, J. (MilliLab) ; Turler, M. (Geneva U.) ; Valenziano, L. (Bologna Observ.) ; Valiviita, J. (Oslo U. ; Helsinki U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Van Tent, B. (Orsay, LPT) ; Varis, J. (MilliLab) ; Vielva, P. (Cantabria Inst. of Phys.) ; Villa, F. (Bologna Observ.) ; Vittorio, N. (Rome U.) ; Wade, L.A. (Caltech) ; Wandelt, B.D. (Illinois U., Urbana ; Paris U., VI-VII ; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.) ; Wehus, I.K. (Caltech) ; White, M. (UC, Berkeley) ; Wilkinson, A. (Manchester U.) ; Yvon, D. (DAPNIA, Saclay) ; Zacchei, A. (Trieste Observ.) ; Zonca, A. (UC, Santa Barbara)

Publication 2014-10-29
Imprint 22 Mar 2013
Number of pages 48
Note Comments: 42 pages, 38 figures
49 pages, 43 figures, 33 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
In: Astron. Astrophys. 571 (2014) A23
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/201321534
Subject category Astrophysics and Astronomy
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment PLANCK RE24
Abstract The two fundamental assumptions of the standard cosmological model - that the initial fluctuations are statistically isotropic and Gaussian - are rigorously tested using maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy from the Planck satellite. Deviations from isotropy have been found and demonstrated to be robust against component separation algorithm, mask choice and frequency dependence. Many of these anomalies were previously observed in the WMAP data, and are now confirmed at similar levels of significance (about 3 sigma). However, we find little evidence for non-Gaussianity, with the exception of a few statistical signatures that seem to be associated with specific anomalies. In particular, we find that the quadrupole-octopole alignment is also connected to a low observed variance of the CMB signal. A power asymmetry is now found to persist to scales corresponding to about l=600, and can be described in the low-l regime by a phenomenological dipole modulation model. However, any primordial power asymmetry is strongly scale-dependent and does not extend to arbitrarily small angular scales. Finally, it is plausible that some of these features may be reflected in the angular power spectrum of the data, which shows a deficit of power on similar scales. Indeed, when the power spectra of two hemispheres defined by a preferred direction are considered separately, one shows evidence for a deficit in power, while its opposite contains oscillations between odd and even modes that may be related to the parity violation and phase correlations also detected in the data. Although these analyses represent a step forward in building an understanding of the anomalies, a satisfactory explanation based on physically motivated models is still lacking.
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