How to Prevent the next Heartbleed David A. Wheeler 2024-04-24 (originally 2014-04-29) This paper analyzes the Heartbleed vulnerability (CVE-2014-0160) in OpenSSL found in 2014. After an introduction and a discussion of why it wasn’t found earlier, this paper focuses on identifying and discussing countermeasures that could have countered Heartbleed-like vulnerabilities. The paper also discusses pr