新增磁盘和分区挂载我们先要了解fdisk的参数以及菜单的操作说明，下面是fdisk的参数说明：
fdisk参数说明：
m ：显示菜单和帮助信息
a ：活动分区标记/引导分区
d ：删除分区
l ：显示分区类型
n ：新建分区
p ：显示分区信息
q ：退出不保存
t ：设置分区号
v ：进行分区检查
w ：保存修改
x ：扩展应用，高级功能
1 查看磁盘分区：
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0002faa0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 52 204800 83 Linux
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda3 52 26109 209304576 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes # (新增加硬盘 未分区)
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
·
2 新增加硬盘分区
root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb #(进到磁盘分区)
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xd4339e72.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won’t be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It’s strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command ‘c’) and change display units to
Command (m for help): n #(输入新加硬盘分区命令n 说明：n为添加磁盘分命令)
Command action #(e为扩展分区 p主分区)
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1 #(输入1 增加第一块磁盘分区表)
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): （默认大小）
Using default value 2610 sectors (command ‘u’).
Command (m for help): w #(输入w 保存退出)
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
3 确认新增加磁盘分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l （查看新增加磁盘分区结果）
Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0002faa0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 52 204800 83 Linux
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda3 52 26109 209304576 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xd4339e72
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux #(成功分区)
4 格式化磁盘
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 #(格式化新加磁盘/dev/sdb1 )
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks
262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
5 创建磁盘挂载节点
[root@localhost /]# mkdir data
6 挂载磁盘
root@localhost /]# mount /dev/sdb1 data
7 自动挂载
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Mar 13 18:59:31 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk’
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=85ea0a44-7e35-43e7-bb61-a191f9a89065 / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=02777557-2f20-4794-8f83-78bf35b46575 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /data
输入reboot关机重启
注 ：以上红色字体为步骤说明 黄色字体为命令 紫色 字体为备注说明。
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