马哥教育网络班21期+第四周博客作业

1、复制/etc/skel目录为/home/tuser1，要求/home/tuser1及其内部文件的属组和其它用户均没有任何访问权限。

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# cp -a /etc/skel/ /home/tuser1
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# ls -ld /home/tuser
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月   6 00:29 /home/tuser
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# ls -ld /home/tuser1
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月   6 00:29 /home/tuser1
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# chmod 700 -R /home/tuser1
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# ll -ld !$
ll -ld /home/tuser1
drwx------. 4 root root 4096 7月   6 00:29 /home/tuser1

2、编辑/etc/group文件，添加组hadoop。

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# echo "hadoop:x:1000:">>/home/group
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# cat /home/group | grep hadoop
hadoop:x:1000:

3、手动编辑/etc/passwd文件新增一行，添加用户hadoop，其基本组ID为hadoop组的id号；其家目录为/home/hadoop。

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# mkdir -p /home/hadoop
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# echo "hadoop:x:1000:1000::/home/hadoop:/bin/bash">>/etc/passwd
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# id hadoop
uid=1000(hadoop) gid=1000 组=1000
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# chown hadoop:hadoop /home/hadoop/

4、复制/etc/skel目录为/home/hadoop，要求修改hadoop目录的属组和其它用户没有任何访问权限。

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# cp -a /etc/skel/ /home/hadoop
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# chmod -R 700 /home/hadoop/
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# ls -ld !$
ls -ld /home/hadoop/
drwx------ 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 7月  28 01:43 /home/hadoop/

5、修改/home/hadoop目录及其内部所有文件的属主为hadoop，属组为hadoop。

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /home/hadoop/
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# ls -ld !$
ls -ld /home/hadoop/
drwx------ 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 7月  28 01:43 /home/hadoop/

6、显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写或小写S开头的行；用两种方式；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep -i ^s /proc/meminfo --color=auto
SwapCached:            0 kB
SwapTotal:       4194300 kB
SwapFree:        4194300 kB
Shmem:              1480 kB
Slab:             177376 kB
SReclaimable:     133836 kB
SUnreclaim:        43540 kB

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep ^[Ss] /proc/meminfo --color=auto
SwapCached:            0 kB
SwapTotal:       4194300 kB
SwapFree:        4194300 kB
Shmem:              1480 kB
Slab:             177376 kB
SReclaimable:     133840 kB
SUnreclaim:        43536 kB

7、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd|awk -F ":" '{print $1}'
root
sync
shutdown
halt
amandabackup
mysql
wanlong
hadoop

8、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd --color=auto | cut -d":" -f1
root
amandabackup
mysql
wanlong
hadoop
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd --color=auto | awk -F ":" '{print $1}'
root
amandabackup
mysql
wanlong
hadoop

9、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位数或两位数；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep -o '[0-9]\{1,2\}' /etc/passwd
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
4
4
7
5
0
6
0
7
0
8
12
10
14

10、显示/boot/grub/grub.conf中以至少一个空白字符开头的行；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep "^[[:space:]]\+" /boot/grub/grub.conf 
root (hd0,0)
kernel /tboot.gz logging=vga,serial,memory
module /vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=922eb46f-7e6e-4670-8bf1-6f9f1b05a053 intel_iommu=on amd_iommu=on rd_NO_LUKS  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_MD crashkernel=128M.UTF-8 rd_NO_LVM rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet
module /initramfs-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64.img

11、显示/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件中以#开头，后面跟至少一个空白字符，而后又有至少一个非空白字符的行；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep "^#[[:space:]]\+[^[:space:]]\+" /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
# /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit - run once at boot time
# Taken in part from Miquel van Smoorenburg's bcheckrc.
# Check SELinux status
# Print a text banner.
# Only read this once.
# Initialize hardware
# Set default affinity
# Load other user-defined modules
# Load modules (for backward compatibility with VARs)
# Configure kernel parameters
# Set the hostname.
# Sync waiting for storage.
# Device mapper & related initialization
# Start any MD RAID arrays that haven't been started yet
# Remount the root filesystem read-write.
# Clean up SELinux labels
# If relabeling, relabel mount points.
# Mount all other filesystems (except for NFS and /proc, which is already
# mounted). Contrary to standard usage,
# filesystems are NOT unmounted in single user mode.
# The 'no' applies to all listed filesystem types. See mount(8).
# Update quotas if necessary
# Check to see if a full relabel is needed
# Initialize pseudo-random number generator
# Configure machine if necessary.
# Clean out /.
# Do we need (w|u)tmpx files? We don't set them up, but the sysadmin might...
# Clean up /var.
# Clean up utmp/wtmp
# Clean up various /tmp bits
# Make ICE directory
# Start up swapping.
# Set up binfmt_misc
# Boot time profiles. Yes, this should be somewhere else.
# Now that we have all of our basic modules loaded and the kernel going,
# let's dump the syslog ring somewhere so we can find it later
# create the crash indicator flag to warn on crashes, offer fsck with timeout
# Let rhgb know that we're leaving rc.sysinit

12、打出netstat -tan命令执行结果中以‘LISTEN’，后或跟空白字符结尾的行；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# netstat -tan|grep "LISTEN*[[:space:]]"
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:56495               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::60107                    :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::111                      :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::1:631                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::1:25                      :::*                        LISTEN

13、添加用户bash, testbash, basher, nologin (此一个用户的shell为/sbin/nologin)，而后找出当前系统上其用户名和默认shell相同的用户的信息；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# adduser bash
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# adduser testbash
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# adduser basher
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# adduser nologin -s /sbin/nologin
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep '^\([[:alnum:]]\+\>\).*\1$' /etc/passwd 
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
bash:x:1001:1001::/home/bash:/bin/bash
nologin:x:1004:1004::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin

14、显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写或小写S开头的行；用三种方式；

前面题目里面已经用了两种grep的方法：

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# sed -n '/^[Ss]/p' /proc/meminfo 
SwapCached:            0 kB
SwapTotal:       4194300 kB
SwapFree:        4194300 kB
Shmem:              1480 kB
Slab:             177580 kB
SReclaimable:     133984 kB
SUnreclaim:        43596 kB

15、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep -v '/sbin/nologin' /etc/passwd|cut -d":" -f1
root
sync
shutdown
halt
amandabackup
mysql
wanlong
hadoop
bash
testbash
basher
[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep -v '/sbin/nologin' /etc/passwd|awk -F ":" '{print $1}'
root
sync
shutdown
halt
amandabackup
mysql
wanlong
hadoop
bash
testbash
basher

16、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep '/bin/bash' /etc/passwd|cut -d":" -f1
root
amandabackup
mysql
wanlong
hadoop
bash
testbash
basher

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep '/bin/bash' /etc/passwd|awk -F ":" '{print $1}'
root
amandabackup
mysql
wanlong
hadoop
bash
testbash
basher

17、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位数或两位数；

[root@C67-X64-A0 ~]# grep -o '[0-9]\{1,2\}' /etc/passwd
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
4
4
7
5
0
6
0
7
0
8
12
10
14
11
0
12
10
0
13
30
14
50
99
99
81
81
18
9
18
9

原创文章，作者：Net21-冰冻vs西瓜，如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.178linux.com/26449

马哥教育网络班21期+第四周博客作业

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