1、复制/etc/skel目录为/home/tuser1，要求/home/tuser1及其内部文件的属组和其它用户均没有任何访问权限。
[root@centos ~]# cp -r /etc/skel /home/tuser1 [root@centos ~]# ls -aldh /home/tuser1/ drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4.0K Jul 20 21:33 /home/tuser1/ [root@centos ~]# chmod -R 700 /home/tuser1/ [root@centos ~]# ls -adlh /home/tuser1/ drwx------. 4 root root 4.0K Jul 20 21:33 /home/tuser1/ [root@centos ~]# ls -alh /home/tuser1/ total 28K drwx------. 4 root root 4.0K Jul 20 21:33 . drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4.0K Jul 20 21:33 .. -rwx------. 1 root root 18 Jul 20 21:33 .bash_logout -rwx------. 1 root root 176 Jul 20 21:33 .bash_profile -rwx------. 1 root root 124 Jul 20 21:33 .bashrc drwx------. 2 root root 4.0K Jul 20 21:33 .gnome2 drwx------. 4 root root 4.0K Jul 20 21:33 .mozilla
2、编辑/etc/group文件，添加组hadoop。
[root@centos ~]# echo "hadoop:x:3005:" >> /etc/group [root@centos ~]# echo "hadoop:\!::" >> /etc/gshadow [root@centos ~]# groups hadoop groups: hadop: No such user [root@centos ~]# useradd hadoopuser -G hadoop
3、手动编辑/etc/passwd文件新增一行，添加用户hadoop，其基本组ID为hadoop组的id号；其家目录为/home/hadoop。
[root@centos ~]# echo "hadop:x:4000:3005::/home/hadoop" >> /etc/passwd [root@centos home]# echo "hadoop:\!\!:17002:0:7:::" >> /etc/shadow [root@centos ~]# id hadop uid=4000(hadoop) gid=3005(hadoop) groups=3005(hadoop）
4、复制/etc/skel目录为/home/hadoop，要求修改hadoop目录的属组和其它用户没有任何访问权限。
[root@centos ~]# cp -r /etc/skel /home/hadoop && chmod 700 /home/hadoop [root@centos ~]# ls -adl /home/hadoop/ drwx------. 4 root root 4096 Jul 21 00:27 /home/hadoop/
5、修改/home/hadoop目录及其内部所有文件的属主为hadoop，属组为hadoop。
[root@centos ~]# chown hadoop:hadoop -R /home/hadoop [root@centos ~]# ls -alh /home/hadoop/ total 28K drwx------. 4 hadoop hadoop 4.0K Jul 21 00:27 . drwxr-xr-x. 12 root root 4.0K Jul 21 00:27 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 18 Jul 21 00:27 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 176 Jul 21 00:27 .bash_profile -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 124 Jul 21 00:27 .bashrc drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4.0K Jul 21 00:27 .gnome2 drwxr-xr-x. 4 hadoop hadoop 4.0K Jul 21 00:27 .mozilla
6、显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写或小写S开头的行；用两种方式；
[root@centos ~]# grep -i "^s" /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 1704 kB SwapTotal: 1572860 kB SwapFree: 1570196 kB Shmem: 4156 kB Slab: 142260 kB SReclaimable: 75816 kB SUnreclaim: 66444 kB [root@centos ~]# grep "^[Ss]" /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 1704 kB SwapTotal: 1572860 kB SwapFree: 1570196 kB Shmem: 4156 kB Slab: 142256 kB SReclaimable: 75816 kB SUnreclaim: 66440 kB
7、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户；
[root@centos ~]# grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 root sync shutdown halt derulo
8、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户；
[root@centos ~]# grep "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 root derulo
9、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位数或两位数；
[root@centos ~]# grep -o "[[:digit:]]\{1,2\}" /etc/passwd
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
4
4
7
5
0
6
0
7
0
8
12
10
14
10、显示/boot/grub/grub.conf中以至少一个空白字符开头的行；
[root@centos ~]# grep "^[[:space:]]\+" /boot/grub/grub.conf root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS.UTF-8 rd_LVM_LV=vg_centos/lv_swap rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd_LVM_LV=vg_centos/lv_root KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64.img
11、显示/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件中以#开头，后面跟至少一个空白字符，而后又有至少一个非空白字符的行；
[root@centos ~]# grep "^#[[:space:]]\+[^[:space:]]" /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit # /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit - run once at boot time # Taken in part from Miquel van Smoorenburg's bcheckrc. # Check SELinux status # Print a text banner. # Only read this once. # Initialize hardware # Set default affinity # Load other user-defined modules # Load modules (for backward compatibility with VARs) # Configure kernel parameters # Set the hostname. # Sync waiting for storage. # Device mapper & related initialization # Start any MD RAID arrays that haven't been started yet # Remount the root filesystem read-write. # Clean up SELinux labels # If relabeling, relabel mount points. # Mount all other filesystems (except for NFS and /proc, which is already # mounted). Contrary to standard usage, # filesystems are NOT unmounted in single user mode. # The 'no' applies to all listed filesystem types. See mount(8). # Update quotas if necessary # Check to see if a full relabel is needed # Initialize pseudo-random number generator # Configure machine if necessary. # Clean out /. # Do we need (w|u)tmpx files? We don't set them up, but the sysadmin might... # Clean up /var. # Clean up utmp/wtmp # Clean up various /tmp bits # Make ICE directory # Start up swapping. # Set up binfmt_misc # Boot time profiles. Yes, this should be somewhere else. # Now that we have all of our basic modules loaded and the kernel going, # let's dump the syslog ring somewhere so we can find it later # create the crash indicator flag to warn on crashes, offer fsck with timeout # Let rhgb know that we're leaving rc.sysinit
12、打出netstat -tan命令执行结果中以‘LISTEN’，后或跟空白字符结尾的行；
[root@centos ~]# netstat -tan | grep "LISTEN[[:space:]]*$" tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:40235 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN tcp 0 0 :::43030 :::* LISTEN tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN tcp 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN
13、添加用户bash, testbash, basher, nologin (此一个用户的shell为/sbin/nologin)，而后找出当前系统上其用户名和默认shell相同的用户的信息；
[root@centos ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin bash [root@centos ~]# useradd testbash [root@centos ~]# useradd basher [root@centos ~]# useradd nologin [root@centos ~]# grep "^\([[:alnum:]]\+\>\).*\1$" /etc/passwd sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
14、显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写或小写S开头的行；用三种方式；
[root@centos ~]# grep -i "^S" /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 4 kB SwapTotal: 1572860 kB SwapFree: 1572856 kB Shmem: 3452 kB Slab: 114428 kB SReclaimable: 50424 kB SUnreclaim: 64004 kB [root@centos ~]# sed -n '/^[sS]/p' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 4 kB SwapTotal: 1572860 kB SwapFree: 1572856 kB Shmem: 3452 kB Slab: 114436 kB SReclaimable: 50428 kB SUnreclaim: 64008 kB [root@centos ~]# grep "^[Ss]" /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 1704 kB SwapTotal: 1572860 kB SwapFree: 1570196 kB Shmem: 4156 kB Slab: 142256 kB SReclaimable: 75816 kB SUnreclaim: 66440 kB
15、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户；
[root@centos ~]# grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 root sync shutdown halt derulo testbash basher nologin
16、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户；
[root@centos ~]# grep "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 root derulo testbash basher nologin
17、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位数或两位数；
[root@centos ~]# grep -o "[[:digit:]]\{1,2\}" /etc/passwd
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
4
4
7
5
0
6
0
7
0
8
12
10
14
11
0
12
10
0
13
30
14
50
原创文章，作者：Snoo，如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.178linux.com/25084
评论列表（1条）
写的很好，排版也很棒，加油