002919271 001__ 2919271
002919271 003__ SzGeCERN
002919271 005__ 20241210231706.0
002919271 0247_ $$2DOI$$9Springer$$a10.1038/s41586-024-08196-0
002919271 0248_ $$aoai:cds.cern.ch:2919271$$pcerncds:FULLTEXT$$pcerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT$$pcerncds:CERN
002919271 035__ $$9https://inspirehep.net/api/oai2d$$aoai:inspirehep.net:2856110$$d2024-12-09T13:36:12Z$$h2024-12-10T05:06:09Z$$mmarcxml
002919271 035__ $$9Inspire$$a2856110
002919271 041__ $$aeng
002919271 100__ $$aShen, Jiali$$jORCID:0000-0001-8701-7929$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.$$vHelsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
002919271 245__ $$9Springer$$aNew particle formation from isoprene under upper-tropospheric conditions
002919271 246__ $$9submitter$$aNew particle formation from isoprene under upper-tropospheric conditions
002919271 260__ $$c2024
002919271 300__ $$a9 p
002919271 520__ $$9Springer$$aAircraft observations have revealed ubiquitous new particle formation in the tropical upper troposphere over the Amazon$^{1,2}$ and the Atlantic and Pacific oceans$^{3,4}$. Although the vapours involved remain unknown, recent satellite observations have revealed surprisingly high night-time isoprene mixing ratios of up to 1 part per billion by volume (ppbv) in the tropical upper troposphere$^{5}$. Here, in experiments performed with the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber, we report new particle formation initiated by the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with isoprene at upper-tropospheric temperatures of −30 °C and −50 °C. We find that isoprene-oxygenated organic molecules (IP-OOM) nucleate at concentrations found in the upper troposphere, without requiring any more vapours. Moreover, the nucleation rates are enhanced 100-fold by extremely low concentrations of sulfuric acid or iodine oxoacids above 10$^{5}$ cm$^{−3}$, reaching rates around 30 cm$^{−3}$ s$^{−1}$ at acid concentrations of 10$^{6}$ cm$^{−3}$. Our measurements show that nucleation involves sequential addition of IP-OOM, together with zero or one acid molecule in the embryonic molecular clusters. IP-OOM also drive rapid particle growth at 3–60 nm h$^{−1}$. We find that rapid nucleation and growth rates persist in the presence of NO$_{x}$ at upper-tropospheric concentrations from lightning. Our laboratory measurements show that isoprene emitted by rainforests may drive rapid new particle formation in extensive regions of the tropical upper troposphere$^{1,2}$, resulting in tens of thousands of particles per cubic centimetre.
002919271 520__ $$9submitter$$aAbstract
Aircraft observations have revealed ubiquitous new particle formation in the tropical upper troposphere over the Amazon1,2 and the Atlantic and Pacific oceans3,4. Although the vapours involved remain unknown, recent satellite observations have revealed surprisingly high night-time isoprene mixing ratios of up to 1 part per billion by volume (ppbv) in the tropical upper troposphere5. Here, in experiments performed with the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber, we report new particle formation initiated by the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with isoprene at upper-tropospheric temperatures of −30 °C and −50 °C. We find that isoprene-oxygenated organic molecules (IP-OOM) nucleate at concentrations found in the upper troposphere, without requiring any more vapours. Moreover, the nucleation rates are enhanced 100-fold by extremely low concentrations of sulfuric acid or iodine oxoacids above 105 cm−3, reaching rates around 30 cm−3 s−1 at acid concentrations of 106 cm−3. Our measurements show that nucleation involves sequential addition of IP-OOM, together with zero or one acid molecule in the embryonic molecular clusters. IP-OOM also drive rapid particle growth at 3–60 nm h−1. We find that rapid nucleation and growth rates persist in the presence of NO
x
at upper-tropospheric concentrations from lightning. Our laboratory measurements show that isoprene emitted by rainforests may drive rapid new particle formation in extensive regions of the tropical upper troposphere1,2, resulting in tens of thousands of particles per cubic centimetre.
002919271 540__ $$aCC-BY-4.0$$bSpringer$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
002919271 542__ $$dThe Author(s)$$g2024
002919271 65017 $$2SzGeCERN$$aPhysics in General
002919271 690C_ $$aARTICLE
002919271 690C_ $$aCERN
002919271 693__ $$aCERN CLOUD
002919271 700__ $$aRussell, Douglas M$$jORCID:0000-0002-1434-247X$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aDeVivo, Jenna$$jORCID:0009-0003-5097-1008$$tGRID:grid.147455.6$$uCarnegie Mellon U.
002919271 700__ $$aKunkler, Felix$$tGRID:grid.419509.0$$uMainz, Max Planck Inst.
002919271 700__ $$aBaalbaki, Rima$$jORCID:0000-0002-4480-2107$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aMentler, Bernhard$$jORCID:0000-0003-3852-0397$$tGRID:grid.5771.4$$uInnsbruck U.
002919271 700__ $$aScholz, Wiebke$$tGRID:grid.5771.4$$uInnsbruck U.
002919271 700__ $$aYu, Wenjuan$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aCaudillo-Plath, Lucía$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aSommer, Eva$$jORCID:0000-0001-7415-8386$$tGRID:grid.9132.9$$tGRID:grid.10420.37$$uCERN$$uVienna U.$$vFaculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
002919271 700__ $$aAhongshangbam, Emelda$$jORCID:0009-0000-0552-6368$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.$$vDepartment of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
002919271 700__ $$aAlfaouri, Dina$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aAlmeida, João$$tGRID:grid.9132.9$$tGRID:grid.9983.b$$uCERN$$uLisbon U.$$vCENTRA and Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
002919271 700__ $$aAmorim, Antonio$$tGRID:grid.9983.b$$uLisbon U.
002919271 700__ $$aBeck, Lisa J$$jORCID:0000-0003-3700-5895$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aBeckmann, Hannah$$tGRID:grid.5771.4$$tGRID:grid.10939.32$$uInnsbruck U.$$uTartu, Inst. Phys.$$vDepartment of Environmental Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
002919271 700__ $$aBerntheusel, Moritz$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aBhattacharyya, Nirvan$$tGRID:grid.147455.6$$uCarnegie Mellon U.
002919271 700__ $$aCanagaratna, Manjula R$$tGRID:grid.276808.3$$uUnlisted
002919271 700__ $$aChassaing, Anouck$$jORCID:0009-0002-5478-814X$$tGRID:grid.10548.38$$uStockholm U.
002919271 700__ $$aCruz-Simbron, Romulo$$tGRID:grid.266190.a$$uColorado U.$$uColorado U., CIRES$$vCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
002919271 700__ $$aDada, Lubna$$jORCID:0000-0003-1105-9043$$tGRID:grid.5991.4$$uMinnesota U., Math.$$uNortheastern U.$$uPSI, Villigen
002919271 700__ $$aDuplissy, Jonathan$$jORCID:0000-0001-8819-0264$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.$$vHelsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
002919271 700__ $$aGordon, Hamish$$jORCID:0000-0002-1822-3224$$tGRID:grid.147455.6$$uCarnegie Mellon U.
002919271 700__ $$aGranzin, Manuel$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aSchute, Lena Große$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aHeinritzi, Martin$$jORCID:0000-0002-9171-8127$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aIyer, Siddharth$$jORCID:0000-0001-5989-609X$$tGRID:grid.502801.e$$uTampere U. of Tech.
002919271 700__ $$aKlebach, Hannah$$jORCID:0009-0009-7233-6295$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aKrüger, Timm$$jORCID:0009-0008-6569-2761$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aKürten, Andreas$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aLampimäki, Markus$$jORCID:0000-0003-1990-6155$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aLiu, Lu$$jORCID:0000-0002-9818-6282$$tGRID:grid.5991.4$$uMinnesota U., Math.$$uNortheastern U.$$uPSI, Villigen
002919271 700__ $$aLopez, Brandon$$tGRID:grid.147455.6$$uCarnegie Mellon U.
002919271 700__ $$aMartinez, Monica$$jORCID:0009-0009-1688-0675$$tGRID:grid.419509.0$$uMainz, Max Planck Inst.
002919271 700__ $$aMorawiec, Aleksandra$$tGRID:grid.10420.37$$uVienna U.
002919271 700__ $$aOnnela, Antti$$tGRID:grid.9132.9$$uCERN
002919271 700__ $$aPeltola, Maija$$jORCID:0000-0002-7046-3057$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aRato, Pedro$$jORCID:0000-0002-5536-8879$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$tGRID:grid.9132.9$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS$$uCERN$$vCERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
002919271 700__ $$aReza, Mago$$tGRID:grid.266190.a$$uColorado U.$$uColorado U., CIRES$$vCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
002919271 700__ $$aRichter, Sarah$$jORCID:0000-0002-4906-0499$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aRörup, Birte$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aSebastian, Milin Kaniyodical$$jORCID:0000-0002-6549-4932$$tGRID:grid.7892.4$$uKIT, Karlsruhe
002919271 700__ $$aSimon, Mario$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aSurdu, Mihnea$$tGRID:grid.5991.4$$uMinnesota U., Math.$$uNortheastern U.$$uPSI, Villigen
002919271 700__ $$aTamme, Kalju$$tGRID:grid.10939.32$$uTartu, Inst. Phys.
002919271 700__ $$aThakur, Roseline C$$jORCID:0000-0002-3238-4171$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aTomé, António$$jORCID:0000-0001-9144-7120$$tGRID:grid.7427.6$$uUBI, Covilha$$uBeira Interior U., Covilha
002919271 700__ $$aTong, Yandong$$tGRID:grid.266190.a$$uColorado U.$$uColorado U., CIRES$$vCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
002919271 700__ $$aTop, Jens$$jORCID:0000-0003-3318-4451$$tGRID:grid.5991.4$$uMinnesota U., Math.$$uNortheastern U.$$uPSI, Villigen
002919271 700__ $$aUmo, Nsikanabasi Silas$$tGRID:grid.7892.4$$uKIT, Karlsruhe
002919271 700__ $$aUnfer, Gabriela$$jORCID:0000-0001-8727-2831$$tGRID:grid.424885.7$$uTROPOS, Leibniz
002919271 700__ $$aVettikkat, Lejish$$tGRID:grid.9668.1$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aWeissbacher, Jakob$$tGRID:grid.5771.4$$uInnsbruck U.
002919271 700__ $$aXenofontos, Christos$$jORCID:0009-0004-7637-5199$$tGRID:grid.426429.f$$uCyprus Inst.
002919271 700__ $$aYang, Boxing$$tGRID:grid.5991.4$$uMinnesota U., Math.$$uNortheastern U.$$uPSI, Villigen
002919271 700__ $$aZauner-Wieczorek, Marcel$$jORCID:0000-0002-0867-665X$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aZhang, Jiangyi$$jORCID:0009-0007-5244-5334$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aZheng, Zhensen$$tGRID:grid.5771.4$$tGRID:grid.425275.3$$uInnsbruck U.$$vIONICON Analytik GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
002919271 700__ $$aBaltensperger, Urs$$jORCID:0000-0003-0079-8713$$tGRID:grid.5991.4$$uMinnesota U., Math.$$uNortheastern U.$$uPSI, Villigen
002919271 700__ $$aChristoudias, Theodoros$$jORCID:0000-0001-9050-3880$$tGRID:grid.426429.f$$uCyprus Inst.
002919271 700__ $$aFlagan, Richard C$$jORCID:0000-0001-5690-770X$$tGRID:grid.20861.3d$$uCaltech
002919271 700__ $$aHaddad, Imad El$$jORCID:0000-0002-2461-7238$$tGRID:grid.5991.4$$uMinnesota U., Math.$$uNortheastern U.$$uPSI, Villigen
002919271 700__ $$aJunninen, Heikki$$jORCID:0000-0001-7178-9430$$tGRID:grid.10939.32$$uTartu, Inst. Phys.
002919271 700__ $$aMöhler, Ottmar$$jORCID:0000-0002-7551-9814$$tGRID:grid.7892.4$$uKIT, Karlsruhe
002919271 700__ $$aRiipinen, Ilona$$jORCID:0000-0001-9085-2319$$tGRID:grid.10548.38$$uStockholm U.
002919271 700__ $$aRohner, Urs$$jORCID:0009-0009-9816-5922$$tGRID:grid.426248.e$$uLLNL, Livermore
002919271 700__ $$aSchobesberger, Siegfried$$jORCID:0000-0002-5777-4897$$tGRID:grid.9668.1$$uHelsinki U.
002919271 700__ $$aVolkamer, Rainer$$jORCID:0000-0002-0899-1369$$tGRID:grid.266190.a$$uColorado U.$$uColorado U., CIRES$$vCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
002919271 700__ $$aWinkler, Paul M$$jORCID:0000-0001-6861-6029$$tGRID:grid.10420.37$$uVienna U.
002919271 700__ $$aHansel, Armin$$jORCID:0000-0002-1062-2394$$tGRID:grid.5771.4$$tGRID:grid.425275.3$$uInnsbruck U.$$vIONICON Analytik GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
002919271 700__ $$aLehtipalo, Katrianne$$jORCID:0000-0002-1660-2706$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$tGRID:grid.8657.c$$uHelsinki U.$$uFinnish Meteorological Inst.$$vFinnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
002919271 700__ $$aDonahue, Neil M$$jORCID:0000-0003-3054-2364$$tGRID:grid.147455.6$$uCarnegie Mellon U.$$vDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA$$vDepartment of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
002919271 700__ $$aLelieveld, Jos$$jORCID:0000-0001-6307-3846$$tGRID:grid.419509.0$$tGRID:grid.426429.f$$uMainz, Max Planck Inst.$$uCyprus Inst.$$vClimate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
002919271 700__ $$aHarder, Hartwig$$jORCID:0000-0002-6868-714X$$tGRID:grid.419509.0$$uMainz, Max Planck Inst.
002919271 700__ $$aKulmala, Markku$$jORCID:0000-0003-3464-7825$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$tGRID:grid.41156.37$$tGRID:grid.48166.3d$$uHelsinki U.$$uNanjing U. (main)$$uCICQM, Beijing$$vHelsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland$$vAerosol and Haze Laboratory, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
002919271 700__ $$aWorsnop, Doug R$$jORCID:0000-0002-8928-8017$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$tGRID:grid.276808.3$$uHelsinki U.$$uUnlisted$$vAerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, MA, USA
002919271 700__ $$aKirkby, Jasper$$jORCID:[email protected]$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$tGRID:grid.9132.9$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS$$uCERN$$vCERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
002919271 700__ $$aCurtius, Joachim$$jORCID:[email protected]$$tGRID:grid.7839.5$$uFrankfurt U., FIAS
002919271 700__ $$aHe, Xu-Cheng$$jORCID:[email protected]$$tGRID:grid.7737.4$$tGRID:grid.8657.c$$tGRID:grid.5335.0$$uHelsinki U.$$uFinnish Meteorological Inst.$$uCambridge U. (main)$$vFinnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
002919271 773__ $$c115-123$$n8041$$pNature$$v636$$y2024
002919271 8564_ $$uhttps://interactions.org/press-release/cloud-experiment-resolves-puzzle-of-new-aerosol-particles$$yInteractions.org
002919271 8564_ $$82694820$$s12705346$$uhttp://cds.cern.ch/record/2919271/files/document.pdf$$yFulltext
002919271 960__ $$a13
002919271 980__ $$aARTICLE