Springer : Dark fluxes from electromagnetic cascades

Blinov, Nikita; Machado, Pedro A.N.; Plestid, Ryan; Fox, Patrick J.; Kelly, Kevin J.

doi:10.1007/JHEP07(2024)022

Article
Report number	arXiv:2401.06843 ; CALT-TH/2024-001 ; FERMILAB-PUB-24-0003-T ; CERN-TH-2024-006 ; MI-HET-825
Title	Dark fluxes from electromagnetic cascades
Author(s)	Blinov, Nikita (Victoria U. ; York U., Canada) ; Fox, Patrick J. (Fermilab) ; Kelly, Kevin J. (CERN ; Texas A-M) ; Machado, Pedro A.N. (Fermilab) ; Plestid, Ryan (Caltech)
Publication	2024-07-03
Imprint	2024-01-12
Number of pages	35
Note	35 pages, 12 figures. Software available at https://github.com/kjkellyphys/PETITE
In:	JHEP 2407 (2024) 022
DOI	10.1007/JHEP07(2024)022
Subject category	hep-ex ; Particle Physics - Experiment ; hep-ph ; Particle Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract	We study dark sector production in electromagnetic (EM) cascades. This problem requires accurate simulations of Standard Model (SM) and dark sector processes, both of which impact angular and energy distributions of emitted particles that ultimately determine flux predictions in a downstream detector. We describe the minimal set of QED processes which must be included to faithfully reproduce a SM cascade, and identify a universal algorithm to generate a dark sector flux given a Monte-Carlo simulation of a SM shower. We provide a new tool, $\texttt{PETITE}$, which simulates EM cascades with associated dark vector production, and compare it against existing literature and "off the shelf" tools. The signal predictions at downstream detectors can strongly depend on the nontrivial interplay (and modelling) of SM and dark sector processes, in particular multiple Coulomb scattering and positron annihilation. We comment on potential impacts of these effects for realistic experimental setups.
Copyright/License	publication: © 2024 The Authors (License: CC-BY-4.0), sponsored by SCOAP³ preprint: (License: CC BY 4.0)

$The projection in $x-z$ (top) and $y-z$ (bottom), where $z$ is along the beam axis, of a typical shower development as simulated using \PETITE. In this case the shower is initiated by a $10~{\rm GeV}$ photon incident on a thick graphite target. Photons are shown as green wavy lines, electrons as blue straight lines, and positrons as red straight lines. Particles have been tracked until their energy drops below 3~MeV.$ $Comparison of $p_T/p_z$ (defined relative to the beam axis) for two different sampling procedures for positron annihilation for $m_V =3~{\rm MeV}$ (left) and $m_V=6.2~{\rm MeV}$ (right). The green curve take the dark vector direction, $\hat{p}_V$, as the initial positron's direction, $\hat{p}_V=\hat{p}_i$, when it was created in the shower. The orange curve implements the direction of $V$ as the direction of the positron accounting for propagation and energy loss, $\hat{p}_V=\hat{p}_{\mathrm{samp}}$. The left and right dashed vertical lines are representative of angular acceptances at ArgoNeuT (0.2 mrad) and DUNE (4.3 mrad), respectively.$ $Transverse momentum distribution for daughter electrons and photons from bremsstrahlung produced by the first splitting of a $E_e=10~{\rm GeV}$ incident electron. Distributions are computed with \PETITE (left), \GEANTfour (middle) and \madgraph with custom settings (right), see \cref{A:darkbremm}. The implementation in \PETITE reproduces the analytic expressions in \cite{Berestetskii:1982qgu}. The artificially tight correlation between $p_T$ of the daughter $\gamma$ and daughter $e$ in \GEANTfour is readily seen, as is the lack of phase space coverage in \madgraph.$ Show more plots

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Záznam vytvorený 2024-01-18, zmenený 2024-10-02

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