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check-if-a-parentheses-string-can-be-valid.json
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{
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"question": {
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"title": "Check if a Parentheses String Can Be Valid",
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"content": "<p>A parentheses string is a <strong>non-empty</strong> string consisting only of <code>'('</code> and <code>')'</code>. It is valid if <strong>any</strong> of the following conditions is <strong>true</strong>:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li>It is <code>()</code>.</li>\n\t<li>It can be written as <code>AB</code> (<code>A</code> concatenated with <code>B</code>), where <code>A</code> and <code>B</code> are valid parentheses strings.</li>\n\t<li>It can be written as <code>(A)</code>, where <code>A</code> is a valid parentheses string.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>You are given a parentheses string <code>s</code> and a string <code>locked</code>, both of length <code>n</code>. <code>locked</code> is a binary string consisting only of <code>'0'</code>s and <code>'1'</code>s. For <strong>each</strong> index <code>i</code> of <code>locked</code>,</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li>If <code>locked[i]</code> is <code>'1'</code>, you <strong>cannot</strong> change <code>s[i]</code>.</li>\n\t<li>But if <code>locked[i]</code> is <code>'0'</code>, you <strong>can</strong> change <code>s[i]</code> to either <code>'('</code> or <code>')'</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>Return <code>true</code> <em>if you can make <code>s</code> a valid parentheses string</em>. Otherwise, return <code>false</code>.</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/11/06/eg1.png\" style=\"width: 311px; height: 101px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> s = "))()))", locked = "010100"\n<strong>Output:</strong> true\n<strong>Explanation:</strong> locked[1] == '1' and locked[3] == '1', so we cannot change s[1] or s[3].\nWe change s[0] and s[4] to '(' while leaving s[2] and s[5] unchanged to make s valid.</pre>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 2:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> s = "()()", locked = "0000"\n<strong>Output:</strong> true\n<strong>Explanation:</strong> We do not need to make any changes because s is already valid.\n</pre>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 3:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> s = ")", locked = "0"\n<strong>Output:</strong> false\n<strong>Explanation:</strong> locked permits us to change s[0]. \nChanging s[0] to either '(' or ')' will not make s valid.\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>n == s.length == locked.length</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 <= n <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>s[i]</code> is either <code>'('</code> or <code>')'</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>locked[i]</code> is either <code>'0'</code> or <code>'1'</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n",
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"code": "class Solution(object):\n def canBeValid(self, s, locked):\n \"\"\"\n :type s: str\n :type locked: str\n :rtype: bool\n \"\"\"\n ",
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"code": "defmodule Solution do\n @spec can_be_valid(s :: String.t, locked :: String.t) :: boolean\n def can_be_valid(s, locked) do\n \n end\nend",
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"hints": [
"Can an odd length string ever be valid?",
"From left to right, if a locked ')' is encountered, it must be balanced with either a locked '(' or an unlocked index on its left. If neither exist, what conclusion can be drawn? If both exist, which one is more preferable to use?",
"After the above, we may have locked indices of '(' and additional unlocked indices. How can you balance out the locked '(' now? What if you cannot balance any locked '('?"
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"sampleTestCase": "\"))()))\"\n\"010100\"",
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Java 8 features such as lambda expressions and stream API can be used. </p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n<p>Includes <code>Pair</code> class from https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/api/javafx/util/Pair.html.</p>\"], \"python\": [\"Python\", \"<p><code>Python 2.7.12</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/array.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">array</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/bisect.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">bisect</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collections</a>. 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For the latest Python, please choose Python3 instead.</p>\"], \"c\": [\"C\", \"<p>Compiled with <code>gcc 8.2</code> using the gnu11 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level one optimization (<code>-O1</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For hash table operations, you may use <a href=\\\"https://troydhanson.github.io/uthash/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">uthash</a>. \\\"uthash.h\\\" is included by default. Below are some examples:</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>1. 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